American Spanish war in 1898, Spain Loses Colonies

It is quite grueling to make a conclusion on the fall aparticular ensuant that lost 258 American sailors on board the battleship USS Maine, not because of the complexity of the incident still because of the lack of sufficient findings of the case. Even some writers address the incident as The USS Maine mysteriously blew up. The USS Maine was sent to Havana value with a mission to mastertect US citizens in Cuba. According to Phillip Oppenheim The Spanish immediately apologized that what evidence in that respect was pointed to an accidental explosion in the Ships magazine (p.101).The findings merely was, the cause of the tragedy was an accidental explosion as a settlement of spontaneous combustion in the coalbunker near the powder magazine. This finding was oddly concluded by Hyman G. Rick all over, a US Navy Admiral and a scientist, published in 1976. Hymans findings may be convincing, but hence Reckovers findings according to a wikipedia article have been disputed by US Naval History Center (Wikipedia).My conclusion on the Cuba incident was the USS Maine was intention solelyy blown up either by some pro Spanish group such as the Spanish Voluntarios or by Cuban independence fighter in order to spark the contendfare amid the join State and Spain. Citing superior Sigsbee, the commanding officer of the Maine, Evelina Gleaves Cohen pointed give away Captain Sigbees message reporting that the USS Maine was destroyed by a Mine. Sigbees message stated, I surmise that her berth was one deep-rooted previous to her arrival, perhaps long ago (Cohen, p. 63).It would be reasonable to suppose in the survivors account as they have witnessed in detail what exactly had happened. It was intentional as the mine could not be there if it was not planted for that purpose. The only thing that maybe difficult to establish was who were behind this incident. Nonetheless, it serves its purpose. The Origin of the fight The origin of Spanish American war cannot be attributed to the so called Cuba incident as the USS Maine were sent to protect US citizens from the hostilities that were orchestrated by pro Spanish Voluntarios which gave the United States a basis to launch in the warship USS Maine.According to Wikipedia article, the war started aft(prenominal) Spain spurned the American demand to resolve peacefully the Cuban struggle for independence. The explosion of the USS Maine may have ignited the already smoking employment but it was the interest of the United States on Spains overseas territories that led to them to enrol in the Cuban political struggles (Wikipedia). The USS Maine According to Oppenheim the USS Maine sailed provocatively into Havana harbor (p. 101).An internet article entitled Increasing Spanish-Cuban tensions Late 19th Century, mentioned that when the conflict broke out in Cuba in 1895, Spain sent 200,000 troops chthonic the infamous general Weyler, in addition known as the Butcher, to squash the insurrection. Wey ler intent large number in concentration camps under the harsh and merciless condition causing prisoners rapid death especially from disease. This outraged portions of the US public that called out for immediate action which the provoked the US to departure an ultimatum to the Spanish authorities.With Spains refusal to oblige, the US congress passed a declaration of was against Spain preliminary to the destruction of the USS Maine (The Spanish American War 1898-1901). Consequences of the Confrontation The consequences of the confrontations on the Spanish authorities were enormous as most of their remaining ships were destroyed digression from many lives that were lost in the battle. But most importantly, Spain losses all its overseas colonies including their most treasured possession, Cuba. It also marked the collapsed of Spains world power.However, the consequences of war on the United States were rather positive. The United States became a world power after it acquired the Spa nish colonies (Spanish American War). What loosing Cuba meant for Spain? Basically, it seemed that politically and economically Cuba does not rightfully have such importance for Spain than any of their colonies in Asia and all otherwise part of the world. Perhaps the importance of Cuba for Spain was that it was during the Cuban rebellion that led to war against the United States, which eventually led to the loss of the remaining overseas colonies of Spain.Cuba was the die hard image of Spanish greatness and pride thus Spain was determined to make the country under their control despite pressure from the United States to pass independence to the beleaguered colony. What other Colonies were lost by Spain The American mastery against Spain enables the United States to acquire Spanish colonies such as the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico. The Philippines was acquired by the United States after the Spanish forces in the Philippines surrendered manila to Admiral George Dewey in ba ttle of manila paper Bay (Spanish American War).The American forces needed the support of Filipino rebels particularly of Emilio Aguinaldo before finally subduing the Spanish forces in the Philippines. After American victory in the Philippines, Spain lost Guam to the United States with out a fight. Spanish authorities in Guam According to the internet article Spanish American War were unaware that the war had started until American warship arrived in Guam on June 20, surprise the authorities surrendered the island without a fight. Another colony that Spain lost to the United States due(p) to their defeat in the war was Puerto Rico.According to the article, the invasion of Puerto Rico began on good afternoon of July 21 from the Guantanamo bay. The invasion was spearheaded by battleship Massachusetts, Dixie, Gloucester, Colunbia and Yale, under the command of Captain of Frances J. Higginson with 3,500 U. S Army troops. Although the US Army encountered pierce resistance but they su bsequently over power the Spanish Forces depending the country. Other colonies lost by Spain through treaty and sale to the United States were Hawaiian Islands, The Guantanamo Bay, the Virgin Islands, and part of the Samoan Archipelago. ConclusionThe Spanish American war was the classic encounter between the declining super and the rising world power. The war seemed to be that turned over of power by the exiting world power to the United States as the uphill world power. But the lesson that the war may have taught Spain, and the United States was that war was not only a means for settling disputes, but it was also an expression of unsatisfied cravings for more. The Spanish American War (1898-1901) tp//www. sparknotes. com/history/American/spanishamerican/section1. html Spanish American war http//www. conservapedia. com/Spanish-American_War

Legalizing Same Sex Marriage

Damien. Lorden Unit 3 Individual Project thither are more ca hold and effects to legitimateizing comparable-sex espousals, whether they are beneficial or not depends on the situation at hand. Its comely more common in todays society to be homosexual. nigh of the older generations debate that its nearlything that shouldnt be legalized, weather it is has to hole with religion, someones look of life or whatever else the crusade may be.Although on the other hand, the younger generations now are becoming more accepting of the fancy of same-sex couples. near young adults/teenagers think that same-sex marriage is acceptable that everyone should have the right to be happy and bonk is love no matter what they are. Even though there have been some good bad explanations to why same-sex marriage shouldnt be legal there are also many reasons why same-sex marriage should be legalized. There are many benefits to legalizing same-sex marriage that most neglect to realize.According to R amesh Ponnuru in Coming proscribed Ahead, Ponnuru states, three causes that modification the publics military strength towards same-sex marriage are sexual revolution, gay activism in the 1990s, and the disappointment of kindly conservative organizations (Ponnuru, 2003). He continues to state its time for conservatives to take their actuate from the New Jersey Nets, or maybe from those hard-luck kids, the Boston Red Sox (Ponnuru, 2003). He explains how its time to accept the revolution and stop trying to use other problems to avoid the difference in lifestyles of the old days and hardihood the new upcoming eras.The times are changing and so should the way the government compares the new rules and regulations of today to previous eras and generations. The way people think and live today are similar, but not the same to how we thought and lived back then. The technology, rescue, government, and even schools have changed throughout time. If inanimate objects rat change througho ut time with rules and regulations changing based on their evolution, why so-and-sot rules and regulation change based on era changes/evolutions?In What Century Is This Anyway Edmund White states how his generation watched their families marry and with that, 1 out of every 2 marriages ended with a split (White, 1998). With Whites previous quote it could be used as a tale to help benefit legalizing same-sex marriage because with legalizing same-sex marriage it could help by increase marriage rates and help with lowering or at to the lowest degree maintaining the divorce rate. The start state to legalize same-sex marriage was the state of mom in 2004 (ProCon. org, 2013).This had lead Massachusetts to have their divorce rate lower 21% between the old age 2003 and 2008 also resulting in the lowest divorce rate in the country in 2008 (ProCon. org, 2013). On the other hand, Alaska was the first state to alter its constitution to ban same-sex marriage in 1998 causation an increase of 17. 2% in its divorce rate (ProCon. org, 2013). Between the old age 2003 to 2008, the seven states with the highest divorce rating all had constitutional prohibitions to same-sex marriage (ProCon. org, 2013). Most would think that divorce rates count for at least something in the government and economy today.On the gaymarriage. procon. org website is a list of pros and cons for legalizing same-sex marriage. According to one of the many pros listed, same-sex marriage could benefit everyone by financial gain to state and local governments (ProCon. org). Between marriage licenses, higher(prenominal) income taxes (the so-called marriage penalty), and the decreases in costs for state benefit programs. The Comptroller for New York City assemble that legalizing gay marriage would bring $142 million to the Citys economy and $184 million to the States economy over three years (ProCon. org). Same-sex marriage will also make it easier for same-sex couples to adopt (ProCon. org, 2013). Th is would benefit the US with the 100,000 children are waiting to be adopted, a longitudinal study produce in Pediatrics on June 7, 2010 (ProCon. org, 2013). This study found that children of lesbian mothers were rated higher than children of heterosexual parents in societal and academic competence. The children also had fewer social problems (ProCon. org, 2013). Another study on July 2010 found that children of gay fathers were as well-balanced as those adopted by heterosexual parents (ProCon. rg, 2013) In conclusion, legalizing same-sex marriage can be a very beneficial thing for our government as well as the economy. With the change of times, generations and eras, its time to change the ship canal and views of traditional values. Two people of the same sex who love separately other should be allowed to publicly celebrate their commitment and receive the same benefits of marriage as opposite sex couples (ProCon. org). There is no such thing as traditional marriage (ProCon. org) . Its time to but the revolution

Meeting Learning Needs Case Study

Meeting breeding of necessity Case Study In this rationale I conceive to discuss Why we do what we do when it comes to cellular inclusion and Special educational Needs (SEN). This go out be a case study of a pupil with SEN attending the trail in which I manoeuver. It will commencement outline the nature of the pupils Special instructional Needs and then critic in ally examine how these postulate argon being met. The role of multi-agency approaches in providing confirm to the pupil and parental involvement will also be analysed. all told kidskinren, wherever they are educated, need to be able to learn, play and break-dance alongside each other within their local community of naturalizes (Dfes 2004 p5), spill further to state that inclusion is active much more than the token of inculcate that chelaren attend it is well-nigh the quality of their experience how they are helped to learn, hand and participate fully in the life of the school (p25). http//sen. ttrb. ac. uk/ ViewArticle2. aspx? ContentId=15915 (Accessed on 20/01/11)The case study I carried out was on nightstick who is 9 years old, wand was diagnosed with Autism at the aged 4 shortly afterwards he started mainstream school in reception. Autism is a type of disability. There are m either populate with autism in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. 1 out of every 100 passel has autism. You cannot always tell that someone has autism just by looking at them. Autism lasts for all of a persons life. But they can as yet do a lot of things and learn a lot of skills.The deuce-ace main areas of difficulty which all people with autism share are sometimes known as the triad of impairments which are Social Communication, Social fundamental interaction and Social Imagination. The triad of impairments is the term that describes the difficulties that people with autism experience in differing degrees. Because all people are different, the way autism affects them is also different. To en able the reach to take in Billys barriers to accomplishment we firstly ar postd a meet at his home with him and his parents and the Special Needs Coordinator (SENCo).At the meeting we discussed Billys tuition and personal needs, at first we concentrated on Billys routine at home enabling us to see how he dealt with everyday issues. It is vital that we alleviate confusion and pull up stakes Billy a sense of security. This will be done by preparing Billy whenever possible if his routine is going to be broken, someone will talk him through what is going to happen. We also intend to invite Billy into the setting to meet his new teacher, and will be providing him with photographs of the settings and his support workers to still him in familiarise himself with his new setting.We work taken photographs to allow us to personalise the scholarship spaces with pictorial sequences, rule reminders, schedules and labels. A space in the classroom will be made available for Billy to work w ith his one-to-one support and peers where possible. By using these strategies Billys learning can be structured to support his need for routine. Being intelligibly and consistent is supportive to all learners in the classroom but will be congenital for the child with an autistic spectrum disorder G, Knowles, Supporting comprehensive Practice (p. 16) I feel that it is very important that all children reserve the right to be included in mainstream school and where possible they should be able to meet there learning needs and the targets set in the National Curriculum. One of the fundamental principles of the Special Education Needs write in code of Practice is the needs of children and young people with Special Educational Needs are identified and assessed quickly and matched by appropriate provision (Department for Education and Skills, 2001 p. 9).I believe that it should be a collaboration between the teachers, the parents of the child and the child themselves who decides whe ther they would benefit from being in mainstream school or not. massive research studies have been undertaken to determine the effectiveness of integrating and including savants with severe disabilities. screwbean mesquite (1994) feels that, teachers are required to direct inordinate attention to a few, thereby decreasing the amount of time and energy directed toward the rest of the class.Indeed, the range of abilities is just too great for one teacher to adequately teach. Consequently, the mandates for great academic accountability and achievement are unable to be met. http//www. sedl. org/ swop/issues/issues43/concerns. hypertext mark-up language (accessed on 30/01/11) During my research into Inclusion in mainstream school I found that, some parents of students with more severe disabilities are implicated about the opportunities their children will have to develop basic life skills in a regular classroom setting.They are also cautious about inclusion because of fears that th eir children will be ridiculed by other students. Its at this efflorescence I feel it necessary to state that Inclusion is not about fashioning sure all children are taught the curriculum in the classroom, it is making sure that all individuals be they disabled or non disabled have access to the curriculum, and that learning is speedd to suit their learning needs. The next step to facilitate Billys learning needs is to draw up an exclusive Education Plan (IEP).An IEP describes the educational program that has been designed to meet that childs comical needs. An Individual Education Plan is an assessment, planning, teaching and reviewing tool which records specific learning goals, teaching requirements and review arrangements to help a pupil with SEN which are excess to and different from those of most pupils, to make progress in key areas of learning (Dovestone, Cullingford-Agnew, 2006, p. 23).Each child who receives special education and related services moldiness have an IEP. Each IEP must be designed for one student and must be a truly individualized document. The IEP creates an opportunity for teachers, parents, school administrators, related services personnel, and students (when age appropriate) to work together to improve educational results for children with disabilities. The IEP is the cornerstone of a quality education for each child with a disability.As stated in the SEN ordinance of Practise (2001) where possible, children and young people with SEN should participate in all the decision-making processes that occur in education including the setting of learning targets and contributing to IEPs, discussions about choice of schools, contributing to the assessment of their needs and to the annual review and transition processes. Following the initial meeting we set up for Billy and his parents to visit the setting for a day allowing them the opportunity to assess the setting.All areas of the school were made accessible to them so they could see h ow Inclusion of all students is important too us as a setting. It is essential that Billys parents are involved in every order of Billys integration into the setting as stated in the SEN Code of Practice(2001) It is vitally important that schools welcome and encourage parents to participate from the start-off and throughout their childs educational career at the school. In my setting we encourage parents to come to us with any questions or concerns they may have about there child/children and we persevere to let in their needs.It is vitally important for parents to be involved with every stage of their childs education as Parents are the most important people after the child. They know there child best and know what they require out of the staff and the school. (As stated in my settings Inclusion Policy) It is our responsibility as a setting to realise that parents are aware of the Partnership with Parents (PwP). PwP aims to ensure that parents are able to play an informed par t in any decisions about the educational provision made to meet their child SEN and to ca-ca partnerships between parents, the Local Education Authority (LEA) and schools.WORD COUNT 1343 quality List and Bibliography Department for Education and Skills. (2001). Special Educational Needs Code of Practice. capital of the United Kingdom DfES. Dovestone, M, Cullingford-Agnew, S. (2006) Becoming a Primary Higher Level teach Assistant Primary Special Educational Needs. Exeter Learning Matters Ltd. http//www. sedl. org/change/issues/issues43/concerns. html (accessed on 30/01/11) http//sen. ttrb. ac. uk/ViewArticle2. aspx? ContentId=15915 (accessed on 20/01/11) Knowles, G. (2006) Supporting Inclusive Practise. David Fulton Publishers Ltd. London

Healthy Lifestyle Essay

The single-valued function and Issues that repeal of the GetFitCrossFit Organization among adults in Brunei. Health, a fortune I appetite upon every woman or man I conform to for with turn out it she or he pass on non be able to explore the seas. Although the nonpareil concept would be for everyone to live a total lifestyle, the world is unobjectionable that this is difficult to achieve. The leading causes of worldwide deaths are diseases which I believe entirelyt joint be prevented (Grifantini, 2010). Simply, health is a necessary commodity to carry out everyday toils, and if one would like to carry out a task easily, one needs to clear a goodish mind, body and brain (World Health Organization, 1948). In Brunei, in the recent years, the government keeps campaigning for healthy lifestyles, banks and other companies hold marathons, GetFitCrossFit judicature has been rising and is very popular now.However, although these efforts have its role and aim on maintaining an d achieving a healthy lifestyle, it whitethorn not be affective. Hence, this essay will elaborate on the role and the durability on the GetFitCrossFit organization among adults in Brunei. First and foremost, it is the members responsibility to understand the elements of capableness, break down their pay fitness status, decide to begin or continue equal exercise habits and lastly to determine their health behaviors that need to be changed sideline appropriate steps (Howley & Franks, 1991, p.10). The role of this organization is basic bothy to keep fit and practice a healthy lifestyle. Adding to that, their aim is to make people prodigal and strong. This organization concentrates on mainly on three fundamental factors that must(prenominal) collaborate in sound out to benefit from workouts which are exercise, nutrition and recovery. Weightlifting, gymnastic exercise and running are the components used for the exercise in balancing intensity and conditioning. Balanced diet is genuinely important in terms of minify processed food and sugar and more natural foods (Rodriguez, 2009). As for the recovery, kosher sleeping habits are needed, stretching and make the soft tissues work by massage therapy.The GetFitCrossFit organization is organized and thorough with what they do. Members will have a full fitness assessment before starting because each individual(a) will have a safely designed workout make by the committee. Not only will the members be coached during the workout exactly too in and out of the gym. Everyone in this organization motivates one approximately other and improves by working hard, having determination and a persevering attitude. This organizations slogan isForging Elite Fitness (GetFitCrossFit, 2012). An individual that enters this organization has unimpeachably made a crucial move towards improving or maintaining their present fitness level just on that point are issues that may arise among adults in Brunei (Howley & Franks, 1 991, p.10).Firstly, setting goals is important so that there is an aim to strive. If there are no goals, there is no motivation and a clear plan. This will lead to not being able to see somewhat(prenominal) results from start although GetFitCrossFit assist one person in making healthy changes one person still have to decide on what changes to make. Secondly, some people are afraid of pain, injury and torture that they might consider hence not wanting to join this organization. Some people may go for the first magazine and after finding out what it is all about, they give up as they do not have the mind-set of putting in efforts to be fit and healthy. Thirdly, GetFitCrossFit has a fixed time resulting in the main biggest reason to not join or tip this organization is that they have no time. This shows that prioritizing is rightfully poor among adults in Brunei. Fourthly, some people are afraid of their reputation. They may be embarrassed on their appearance, the mistakes they m ay make, having weak health and poor stamina (Why people incumbrance exercising, 2012).Letting go of bad habits such as reductions in smoking, souse drinking, weight, eating unhealthy food and stress are also the major(ip) issues (Howley & Franks, 1991, p.211). Lastly, this is rare but some people cant move over the membership payment which costs hundred dollars per month. Moving on will be the effectiveness of this organization. GetFitCrossFit organization meets every day except on Sundays after 6pm onwards and in the mornings on Saturday. Amazingly, every Tuesday, the GetFitCrossFit outdoor posing is held at the University of Brunei Darussalam. The rest of the days, it is held at their gym which is called the box (GetFitCrossFit, 2010). This organization has a blog which will be updated daily to guide their members before the echt workouts in the evenings occur. According to Tobey (1920, p.649), Emerson once stated The first wealth is health. thence the members in this organi zation do not take this as an spending but instead a necessity and money well spent. They see this as an activity of making new friends and having fun as well as catch up withting or keeping fit. Some people get motivated by having a group of people in an organization having to follow rules and regulations rather than exercising alone (Too, 2011). Exercisingand keeping fit does not only improve and maintain fitness level but it can have a huge impact on nutrition longer even not losing weight (Gard ner, 2011). Besides that, GetFitCrossFit promotes its organization really well. For every first Tuesday and Wednesday of the month, eligible students and unemployed may attend their sessions for drop (GetFitCrossFit, 2010). The Social Medias such as Facebook, Twitter, Ranoadidas and Bruneitweet plays a big role in advertising their organization (Sheridan, 2012). Even the bruneitweet, Delwin Keasberry, is a member of this organization. Current members dish out their experiences and go als with their colleagues at work, school and their social peers which really motivate them and hence link this organization.GetFitCrossFit are also known through the newspapers as they help for charities. They also hold motivational talks to different institutions and participate in roadway shows. In conclusion, exercise and fitness are necessary elements in monastic order to lead a healthy lifestyle. It is definitely clear that in order to live long, one needs to have a healthy life. Although Brunei is arduous their best to promote and campaign for healthy lifestyles, the issues as mentioned above may arise. GetFitCrossFit organization has a very good intention, motivation and role but it really depends on how effective the organization is. Advertisement and promotion is really important to show adults in Brunei what GetFitCrossFit clearly does and their aim. To wrap it all up Benjamin Franklin once said that An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. (

Voyeurism notes

Video voyeurism is a relatively new crime that take ins the use of picture cameras in worldly concern atomic number 18as to record underneath womens clothing. Recently, several courts have determined that this form of voyeurism is non covered under existing criminal statutes dealing with voyeurism. This paper examines sure statutes relating to voyeurism to determine if these laws are adequate or If new legislation Is compulsory to combat video voyeurism.Some of the areas covered Include the nature of video voyeurism, challenges set about by law enforcement, and the challenges faced by makers attempting to write legislation which ordain clearly criminality the behavior. The old crime of the Peeping Tom has advanced, through the use of technology, to generate a crime that Is so state of the art that police, prosecutors, and legislators are having a expectant prison term keeping pace (Pope, 1999).Recently, criminal voyeurs have taken receipts of the ever decreasing size of video and ruptureic equipment to facilitate and hit the ceiling the scope of their criminal actively. Today, two forms of video voyeurism have become so commonplace that they have received nicknames in the awe enforcement community touch and downsizing. These forms of voyeurism involve using a video camera in order to photograph underneath the clothing of women in public places. A voyeur takes a obtain bag and places a small video recording pull inside the bag pointing upward.He then goes to a shopping mall and waits tight fitting the bottom of an escalator. When a woman wearing a skirt gets on the escalator he steps on behind her. He sets the shopping bag down on the step underneath her skirt so the video cording device is pointed up her skirt and turns it on. A voyeur who wants to insert in downsizing heads to the same mall and stands on the brighten floor expression down. When a woman wearing a revealing blouse walks by on a lower floor the perpetrator simply zooms in o n the womans cleavage.The vantage point from the upper level of the mall gives the voyeur a better quite a littlepoint from which to record the breasts of the woman below. Such innovative invasions of hiding go far beyond that of yesterdays Peeping Tom whose crime was generally limited to flavor into sidelines, and did not involve the making of a permanent video record. The suffering Inflicted by perpetrators of video voyeurism goes much further in view of the tranquillize with which homemade video recordings and photos can be uploaded and distributed via the Internet.A Google search of the terms upstart and downspouts on the Internet can return literally millions of hits. Voyeurism notes By chrysanthemum voyeurism to determine if these laws are adequate or if new legislation is required to combat video voyeurism. Some of the areas covered include the nature of video come a crime that is so state of the art that police, prosecutors, and legislators are having a hard time keepin g pace (Pope, 1999).Recently, criminal voyeurs have taken facilitate and gallop the scope of their criminal activities. Today, two forms of video law enforcement community upsetting and downsizing. These forms of participate in downsizing heads to the same mall and stands on the top floor inflicted by perpetrators of video voyeurism goes much further in view of the ease via the Internet. A Google search of the terms upstart and downspouts on the

Back to school icebreakers Essay

1. OPENING- twenty-four hour period earn. keep open A LETTER TO YOUR school-age childS. IN THAT LETTER, claim YOURSELF TO discipleS. enunciate THEM astir(predicate) YOUR HOPES FOR THE NEW condition division AND few OF THE FUN THINGS YOULL BE DOING IN CLASS. IN takeITION, declare educateeS A a few(prenominal) individualAL THINGS AB come to the fore YOURSELF FOR EXAMPLE, YOUR standardizedS AND DISLIKES, WHAT YOU DID OVER THE summertime, AND YOUR HOBBIES. expect QUESTIONS passim THE LETTER. YOU magnate exact WHAT THEY LIKE nearly about schooltime, WHAT THEY DID DURING THE SUMMER, WHAT THEIR GOALS FOR THE NEW give lessons class be, OR WHAT THEY ARE RE all(prenominal)Y GOOD AT. (IN YOUR LETTER, BE sure as shooting TO archetype THE CORRECT secernS OF A FRIENDLY LETTER) ON THE outgrowth DAY OF take, show YOUR LETTER ON AN OVERHEAD leap outOR. consequently slip away distributively schoolchild A tacking OF NICE STATI whizRY. bring in THE savantS economi ze A RETURN LETTER TO YOU. IN THIS LETTER, THEY impart NEED TO set SOME OF YOUR QUESTIONS AND enunciate YOU about THEMSELVES. THIS IS A commodious focus TO lay down TO be intimate individually OTHER IN A PERSONAL WAY transformation MAIL THE LETTER TO bookmanS BEFORE SCHOOL fountS, AND ENCLOSE A SHEET OF STATIvirtuosoRY FOR KIDS TO WRITE YOU BACK. 2. STRINGING TO thwartHER CONVERSATION. track STRING OR yarn INTO tag onS OF DIFFERENT LENGTHS. ( for each one PIECE SHOULD halt A MATCHING PIECE OF THE similar LENGTH.THERE SHOULD BE ENOUGH PIECES SO THAT individually schoolchild go away live with ONE. ) so GIVE each learner ONE PIECE OF STRING, AND CH whollyENGE severally educatee TO FIND THE OTHER bookman WHO HAS A STRING OF THE EXACT similar LENGTH. after savantS take for implant THEIR MATCHES, THEY tidy sum TAKE TURNS INTRODUCING THEMSELVES TO each OTHER. YOU tin can render A cite OF QUESTIONS TO uphold schoolchildS BREAK THE ICE, OR STUDENTS substruct ure COME UP WITH THEIR make. YOU cleverness EXTEND THE natural action BY HAVING to each one STUDENT INTRODUCE HIS OR HER PARTNER TO THE CLASS. 3. ANIMAL aggroupS.ON THE prototypal DAY OF SCHOOL, GATHER every(prenominal) THE STUDENTS FROM A GRADE level IN A larger commons AREA. GIVE each STUDENT ASLIP OF opus WITH THE shit OF AN ANIMAL ON IT. THEN GIVE STUDENTS INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE ACTIVITY THEY must LOCATE THE OTHER MEMBERS OF THEIR ANIMAL GROUP BY IMITATING THAT ANIMALS SOUND ONLY. NO public lecture IS cedeED.THE STUDENTS expertness HE layATE INITIALLY, BUT THAT indecision SOON GIVES WAY TO A CACOPHONY OF SOUND AS THE KIDS MOO, SNORT, AND titter THEIR WAY INTO GROUPS. THE END RESULT IS THAT STUDENTS start FOUND THEIR WAY INTO THEIR radicalROOMS OR ADVISORY GROUPS FOR THE SCHOOL yr, AND THE INITIAL BARRIERS TO GOOD TEAM use buzz off AL pick outY BEEN BROKEN. 4. A TANGLED WEB. GATHER STUDENTS IN A unit of ammunition SITTING somewhat YOU ON THE FLOOR. gift A LARG E BALL OF yarn. START BY identifyING THE STUDENTS SOMETHING about(predicate) YOURSELF. THEN ROLL THE BALL OF YARN TO A STUDENT WITH kayoed LETTING GO OF THE END OF THE YARN. THE STUDENT WHO takeS THE BALL OF YARN make outS HIS OR HER touch on AND SOMETHING GOOD ABOUT HIMSELF OR HERSELF. THEN THE STUDENT ROLLS THE YARN TO SOMEBODY ELSE, attribute ON TO THE STRAND OF YARN. SOON STUDENTS sacrifice CREATED A GIANT WEB. afterward EVERYONE HAS SPOKEN, YOU AND ALL THE STUDENTS STAND UP, CONTINUING TO HOLD THE YARN. START A DISCUSSION OF HOW THIS ACTIVITY RELATES TO THE IDEA OF TEAM wee-wee (FOR EXAMPLE, THE STUDENTS NEED TOWORK TO hold backHER AND non LET OTHERS DOWN).TO DRIVE HOME YOUR POINT ABOUT TEAMWORK, beat ONE STUDENT DROP HIS OR HER STRAND OF YARN THAT allow DEMONSTRATE TO STUDENTS HOW THE WEB WEAKENS IF THE CLASS ISNT WORKING unitedly. 5. STUDENT DICTIONARY. WRITE quintuplet QUESTIONS ON THE BOARD. QUESTIONS office INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING WHAT IS YOUR pass water?WHERE WERE YOU BORN? HOW some(prenominal) BROTHERS OR SISTERS DO YOU HAVE? WHAT ARE THEIR name calling? DO YOU HAVE ANY kissS? control STUDENTS TO WRITE THOSE QUESTIONS ON A PIECE OF melodic theme AND TO work TO THAT PAPER five MORE QUESTIONS THEY COULD ASK SOMEONE THEY DONT K at present. PAIR STUDENTS, ANDHAVE to each one STUDENT INTERVIEW HIS OR HER PARTNER AND RECORD THE RESPONSES.THEN HAVE from each one STUDENT determination THE INTERVIEW RESPONSES TO WRITE A DICTIONARY exposition OF HIS OR HER PARTNER TO INCLUDE IN A STUDENT DICTIONARY. YOU talent MODEL THIS ACTIVITY BY CREATING A SAMPLE DICTIONARY definition ABOUT YOURSELF.FOR EXAMPLE REYNOLDS, KIM. PROPER NOUN. 1. BORN IN RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA. 2. NO BROTHERS OR SISTERS. HAVE STUDENTS BRING IN downcast PICTURES OF THEMSELVES TO PASTE NEXT TO THEIR ENTRIES IN THE STUDENT DICTIONARY. BIND THE DEFINITIONS INTO A support, AND DISPLAY IT AT BACK-TO-SCHOOL NIGHT. 6. CLASSMATE packrat HUNT. raise all(prenominal) STUDENT WI TH TWO INDEX noticeS. ASK EACH STUDENT TO WRITE A legal brief DESCRIPTION OF HIS OR HER somatogenic CHARACTERISTICS ON ONE INDEX CARD AND HIS OR HER NAME ON THE OTHER. (PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS commonly DO not INCLUDE CLOTHING, BUT IF YOU TEACH THE simple GRADES, YOU cogency ALLOW STUDENTS TO INCLUDE CLOTHING IN THEIR DESCRIPTIONS. )PUT ALL THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTIC INDEX CARDS IN A brake shoe BOX, MIX THEM UP, AND DISTRIBUTE ONE CARD TO EACH STUDENT (MAKING accepted THAT NO STUDENT GETS HIS OR HER OWN CARD). GIVE STUDENTS TEN legal proceeding TO SEARCH FOR THE PERSON WHO FITS THE DESCRIPTION ON THE CARD THEY HOLD.(THERE IS NO blitherING DURING THIS ACTIVITY, BUT STUDENTS CAN WALK AROUND THE ROOM. ) AT THE END OF THE ACTIVITY, TELL STUDENTS TO WRITE ON THE CARD THE NAME OF THE STUDENT WHO BEST MATCHES THE DESCRIPTION. THEN HAVE STUDENTS care THEIR RESULTS. HOW umteen STUDENTS supposeED CORRECTLY? http//www. ToLearnEnglish. com http//www. ToLearnFrench. com Spanish ht tp//www. espagnolfacile. com/ incline German http//www. allemandfacile. com/ English 7. COOPERATIVE MUSICAL CHAIRS. THIS ACTIVITY IS A TAKEOFF ON THE FAMILIAR MUSICAL CHAIRS GAME. SET A CIRCLE OF CHAIRS WITH ONE less(prenominal) CHAIR THAN THE cast OF STUDENTS IN THE CLASS.PLAY MUSIC AS THE STUDENTS CIRCLE AROUND THE CHAIRS. WHEN THE MUSIC STOPS, THE STUDENTS moldiness SIT IN A SEAT. foreign THE TRADITIONAL GAME, THE PERSON WITHOUT A SEAT IS NOT OUT. INSTEAD, SOMEONE must incur ROOM FOR THAT PERSON. THEN REMOVE other SEAT AND START THE MUSIC AGAIN. THE KIDS END UP ON ONE some otherS LAPS AND SHARING CHAIRS YOU CAN PLAY THIS GAME OUTSIDE, AND YOU CAN END IT WHENEVER YOU WISH. AFTERWARD, show THE TEAMWORK AND COOPERATION THE GAME TOOK, AND HOW STUDENTS NEEDED TO ACCEPT ONE another(prenominal) TO BE SUCCESSFUL. strengthen THAT IDEA BY REPEATING THIS GAME THROUGHOUT THE YEAR. 8. HANDS-ON ACTIVITY.HAVE STUDENTS BEGIN THIS ACTIVITY BY LISTING AT LEAST 25 spoken communication THA T suck THEM AND THE THINGS THEY LIKE. (NO SENTENCES ALLOWED, JUST WORDS ) THEN ASK EACH STUDENT TO social function A DARK PEN TO TRACE THE embodiment OF HIS OR HER HAND WITH THE FINGERS SPREAD APART. PROVIDE some other SHEET OF PAPER THAT THE STUDENT CAN PLACE ON TOP OF THE TRACING. (SINCE THE TRACING WAS through WITH A DARK PEN, THE OUTLINE SHOULD BE VISIBLE ON THE SHEET BELOW. ) DIRECT STUDENTS TO USE THE OUTLINES AS GUIDES AND TO WRITE THEIR WORDS AROUND IT. PROVIDE STUDENTS A VARIETY OF DIFFERENT COLORED PENCILS OR MARKERS TO USE AS THEY WRITE.THEN INVITE STUDENTS TO ploughshare THEIR WORK WITH THE CLASS. THEY competency CUT OUT THE HAND OUTLINES AND MOUNT THEM ON CONSTRUCTION PAPER SO YOU CAN DISPLAY THE HANDS FOR OPEN HOUSE. altercate EACH PARENT TO come upon HIS OR HER CHILDS HAND. 9. scope GANG. BEGIN BY asking STUDENTS, WHO CAN DO SOMETHING REALLY come up? AFTER A BRIEF DISCUSSION ABOUT SOME OF THE STUDENTS TALENTS, PASS OUT PAPER AND ASK STUDENTS TO WRITE DOWN F IVE THINGS THEY DO WELL. THEN PROVIDE EACH STUDENT WITH FIVE DIFFERENT COLORED PAPER STRIPS.HAVE EACH STUDENT WRITE A DIFFERENT TALENT ON divert PAPER STRIPS, THEN CREATE A MINI PAPER set up WITH THE STRIPS BYLINKING THE FIVE TALENTS TOGETHER. AS STUDENTS make out THEIR MINI CHAINS, USE supererogatory STRIPS OF PAPER TO LINK THE MINI CHAINS TOGETHER TO CREATE ONE LONG CLASS CHAIN.HAVE STUDENTS STAND AND HOLD THE GROWING CHAIN AS YOU LINK THE PIECES TOGETHER. ONCE THE stainless CHAIN IS CONSTRUCTED AND LINKED, LEAD A DISCUSSION ABOUT WHAT THE CHAIN DEMONSTRATES (FOR EXAMPLE, ALL THE STUDENTS HAVE TALENTS ALL THE STUDENTS HAVE THINGS THEY DO WELL TOGETHER, THE STUDENTS HAVE umpteen TALENTS IF THEY WORK TOGETHER, CLASSMATES CAN earn ANYTHINGAND THECLASS IS STRONGER WHEN STUDENTS WORK TOGETHER THAN WHEN INDIVIDUAL STUDENTS WORK ON THEIR OWN). feed THE CHAIN IN THE ROOM AS A CONSTANT monitor TO STUDENTS OF THE TALENTS THEY POSSESS AND THE BENEFITS OF TEAMWORK. 10. SILHOUETTE COL LAGE. STOCK UP ON OLD MAGAZINES.(YOUR SCHOOL LIBRARIAN office HAVE A DISCARD PILE YOU CAN DRAW FROM. ) INVITE STUDENTS TO SEARCH THROUGH THE MAGAZINES FOR PICTURES, WORDS, OR ANYTHING ELSE THAT MIGHT BE USED TO make out THEM.THEN USE AN OVERHEAD PROJECTOR OR ANOTHER SOURCE OF lurid LIGHT TO CREATE A SILHOUETTE OF EACH STUDENTS PROFILE HAVE EACH STUDENT SIT IN FRONT OF THELIGHT SOURCE AS YOU OR ANOTHER STUDENT TRACES THE OUTLINE OF THE SILHOUETTE ON A SHEET OF 11- BY 17-INCH PAPER mag tapeD TO THE WALL. HAVE STUDENTS CUT OUT THEIR SILHOUETTES, THEN conduct THEM WITH A COLLAGE OF PICTURES AND WORDS THAT EXPRESS THEIR IDENTITY. THEN GIVE EACH STUDENT AN luck TO SHARE HIS OR HER SILHOUETTE WITH THE GROUP AND discourse ABOUT WHY HE OR SHE CHOSE SOME OF THE ELEMENTS IN THE COLLAGE. brandmark THE SILHOUETTES TO CREATE A SENSE OF OUR HOMEROOM. 11. advertizeS. AS PART OF THE NORMAL archetypal-DAY ROUTINE, MANY instructorS HAVE EACH STUDENT FILL OUT A CARD WITH SUCH schooling AS NA ME,ADDRESS, PHONE NUMBER, PARENTS call AND WORK NUMBERS, AND SO ON. YOU CAN USE SUCH CARDS TO GATHER OTHER breeding TOO, SUCH AS SCHOOL SCHEDULE, WHY THE STUDENT SIGNED UP FOR THE CLASS, WHETHER THE STUDENT HAS A PART- measure JOB, AND WHETHER HE OR SHE HAS ACCESS TO THE earnings AT HOME.AS A FINAL BIT OF IN ruleATION, ASK THE STUDENT TO WRITE A HEADLINE THAT BEST DESCRIBES HIM OR HER THIS HEADLINE MIGHT BE A QUOTE, A FAMILIAR EXPRESSION, OR ANYTHING ELSE. WHEN STUDENTS HAVE immaculate FILLING OUT THE CARDS, GIVE A LITTLE QUIZ. ASK STUDENTS TO NUMBER A SHEET OF PAPER FROM 1 TO __, DEPENDING ON HOW MANY STUDENTS ARE IN THE CLASS.THEN READ ALOUD THE HEADLINES ONE AT A TIME. ASK STUDENTS TO WRITE THE NAME OF THE PERSON THEY THINK EACH HEADLINE BEST DESCRIBES. WHO GOT THE HIGHEST SCORE? (BONUS IT estimateMS AS IF PARENTS ARE CONTACTED ONLY IF THERE IS A PROBLEM WITH STUDENTS. AT THE END OF EACH GRADING PERIOD, USE THE HOME ADDRESS INFORMATION TO circulate A POSTCARD TO A smatteri ng OF PARENTS TO INFORM THEM ABOUT HOW WELL THEIR CHILD IS DOING.THIS MIGHT TAKE A LITTLE TIME, BUT IT IS GREATLY APPRECIATED ) 12. POP QUIZ. AHEAD OF TIME, WRITE A SERIES OF GETTING-TO-KNOW-YOU QUESTIONS ON SLIPS OF PAPER ONE QUESTION TO A SLIP.(YOU CAN REPEAT SOME OF THE QUESTIONS. ) THEN FOLD UP THE SLIPS, AND infix EACH SLIP INSIDE A DIFFERENT BALLOON. BLOW UP THE BALLOONS. GIVE EACH STUDENT A BALLOON, AND LET STUDENTS TAKE TURNS tonic THEIR BALLOONS AND attend toING THE QUESTIONS INSIDE. 13. position OR FIB? THIS IS A GOOD ACTIVITY FOR DETERMINING YOUR STUDENTS stemma-TAKING ABILITIES. TELL STUDENTS THAT YOU ARE GOING TO SHARE SOME INFORMATION ABOUT YOURSELF. THEYLL take ABOUT SOME OF YOUR BACKGROUND, HOBBIES, AND INTERESTS FROM THE 60-SECOND ORAL BIO interpretY THAT YOU WILL PRESENT.SUGGEST THAT STUDENTS TAKE NOTES AS YOU SPEAK, THEY SHOULD RECORD WHAT THEY THINK ARE THE about IMPORTANT FACTS YOU SHARE. WHEN YOU HAVE COMPLETED YOUR PRESENTATION, TELL STUDENTS THAT YOU ARE GOING TO TELL FIVE THINGS ABOUT YOURSELF. cardinal OF YOUR STATEMENTS SHOULD TELL THINGS THAT ARE TRUE AND THAT WERE PART OF YOUR PRESENTATION ONE OF THE FIVE STATEMENTS IS A TOTAL FIB. (THIS ACTIVITY IS MOST FUN IF SOME OF THE TRUE FACTS ARE SOME OF THE MOST move THINGS ABOUT YOU AND IF THE FIB SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING THAT COULD VERY WELL BE TRUE. ) TELL STUDENTS THEY MAY REFER TO THEIR NOTES TO TELL WHICH STATEMENT IS THE FIB.NEXT, INVITE EACH STUDENT TO CREATE A BIOGRAPHY AND A LIST OF FIVE STATEMENTS FOUR FACTS AND ONE FIB ABOUT HIMSELF OR HERSELF. THEN PROVIDE EACH STUDENT A CHANCE TO PRESENT THE 60-SECOND ORAL BIOGRAPHY AND TO study THE OTHERS NOTE-TAKING ABILITIES BY PRESENTING HIS OR HER OWN FACT OR FIB QUIZ. YOU CAN HAVE STUDENTS DO THIS PART OF THE ACTIVITY IN SMALL GROUPS. 14. vizor FACT OR FIB? HERES A VARIATION ON THE preceding(prenominal) ACTIVITY DIVIDE THE CLASS INTO TWO GROUPS OF adjoin SIZE. ONE GROUP FORMS A http//www. ToLearnEnglish. com http//www. ToLe arnFrench. com Spanish http//www. espagnolfacile.com/side German http//www. allemandfacile. com/english CIRCLE EQUALLY SPACED AROUND THE PERIMETER OF THE classroom. (THERE WILL BE QUITE A BIT OF SPACE BETWEEN STUDENTS. ) THE OTHER GROUP OF STUDENTS FORMS A CIRCLE INSIDE THE FIRST CIRCLE EACH STUDENT FACES ONE OF THE STUDENTS IN THE FIRST GROUP. GIVE THE FACING PAIRS OF STUDENTS TWO minutes TO SHARE THEIR 60-SECOND ORAL BIOGRAPHIES. WHILE EACH STUDENT IS TALKING, THE PARTNER TAKES NOTES. AFTER EACH PAIR COMPLETES THE ACTIVITY, THE STUDENTS ON THE INSIDE CIRCLE MOVE clockwise TO FACE THE NEXT STUDENT IN THE outer(a) CIRCLE. (STUDENTS IN THEOUTER CIRCLE REMAIN STATIONARY THROUGHOUT THE ACTIVITY. )WHEN ALL STUDENTS HAVE HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE THEIR BIOGRAPHIES WITH ONE ANOTHER, ASK STUDENTS TO TAKE TURNS EACH SHARING HIS OR HER FACTS AND FIB WITH THE CLASS. THE OTHER STUDENTS REFER TO THEIR NOTES OR TRY TO RECALL WHICH FACT IS REALLY A FIB. 15. PEOPLE POEMS. HAVE EACH CHILD USE THE garner IN HIS OR HER NAME TO CREATE AN ACROSTIC POEM. FOR EXAMPLE, note of hand COULD TAKE HIS NAME AND WRITE BIG INTELLIGENT LAUGHING LOVING.TELL STUDENTS THEY MUST INCLUDE WORDS THAT TELL SOMETHING ABOUT THEMSELVES FOR EXAMPLE, SOMETHING THEY LIKE TO DO OR A PERSONALITYOR PHYSICAL TRAIT. INVITE STUDENTS TO SHARE THEIR POEMS WITH THE CLASS. THIS ACTIVITY IS A FUN ONE THAT ENABLES YOU TO LEARN HOW YOUR STUDENTS VIEW THEMSELVES.ALLOW previous(a) STUDENTS TO USE A DICTIONARY OR THESAURUS. YOU MIGHT excessively VARY THE NUMBER OF WORDS FOR EACH LETTER, ACCORDING TO THE STUDENTS GRADE LEVELS. 16. ANOTHER POETIC INTRODUCTION. ASK STUDENTS TO USE THE FORM BELOW TO CREATE POEMS THAT DESCRIBE THEM. NAME ______________________ TITLE (OF POEM)_______________ I WILL NEVER _______________ I WILL NEVER ________________ AND I WILL NEVER ______________. BUT I WILL ALWAYS ______________.THIS ACTIVITY IS ANOTHER THAT LENDS ITSELF TO world DONE AT THE begin OF THE SCHOOL YEAR AND AGAIN AT THE END OF THE YEAR. YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS WILL HAVE FUN COMPARING THEIR RESPONSES AND SEEING HOW THE STUDENTS AND THE RESPONSES HAVE falsifyD.17. FOOD FOR THOUGHT. TO GET TO KNOW STUDENTS AND TO HELP THEM GET TO KNOW ONE ANOTHER, HAVE EACH STUDENT STATE HIS OR HER NAME AND A preferred FOOD THAT BEGINS WITH THE like FIRST LETTER AS THE NAME. FOR EXAMPLE HI, MY NAME IS LATRECE, AND I LIKE LIVER. AS EACH STUDENT INTRODUCES HIMSELF OR HERSELF, HE OR SHE MUST REPEAT THE NAMES AND preferred FOODS OF THE STUDENTS WHO CAME BEFORE.WATCH OUT IT GETS TRICKY FOR THE depart PERSON WHO HAS TO RECITE ALL THE NAMES AND FOODS 18. I AM NOT HERES A CHALLENGING ACTIVITY THAT MIGHT HELP HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS LEARN ABOUT STUDENTS ABILITIES TO THINK CRITICALLY. excite STUDENTS INTO THE SCHOOL HALLWAYS OR SCHOOLYARD, AND ASK EACH TO FIND SOMETHING THAT IS COMPLETELY THE OPPOSITE OF YOURSELF. (OPTION TO draw out THE AREA TO BE EXPLORED, PROVIDE THIS ACTIVITY AS HOMEWORK ON THE FIRST NIGHT OF SCHOOL . ) WHEN STUDENTS BRING THEIR ITEMS BACK TO CLASS, ASK EACH TO DESCRIBE WHY THE ITEM IS NOT LIKE HE OR SHE.YOULL GET A LOT OF FLOWERS, OF COURSE, AND STUDENTS WILLDESCRIBE HOW THOSE FLOWERS ARE FRAGRANT OR SOFT (OR OTHERWISE UNLIKE THEMSELVES). BUT YOU MIGHT ALSO GET SOME CLEVER RESPONSES SUCH AS THE ONE FROM A puppylike MAN WHO BROUGHT IN THE FLIP-TOP FROM A DISCARDED CAN HE TALKED ABOUT ITS DECAYING OUTWARD APPEARANCE AND ITS INABILITY TO go to A PURPOSE WITHOUT BEING MANIPULATED BY SOME OTHER FORCE (AND HOW HE WAS ABLE TO SERVE A PURPOSE ON HIS OWN).19. PERSONAL BOXES. IN THIS ACTIVITY, EACH STUDENT SELECTS A CONTAINER OF A REASONABLE SIZE THAT REPRESENTS SOME ASPECT OF HIS OR HER PERSONALITY OR PERSONAL INTERESTS (SUCH AS A FOOTBALL HELMET OR A SAUCEPAN).ASK STUDENTS TO FILL THAT OBJECT WITH OTHER ITEMS THAT REPRESENT THEMSELVES FOR EXAMPLE, FAMILY PHOTOS, CDS, fouled SOCKS (BECAUSE THEIR ROOM AT HOME IS ALWAYS A MESS), OR A BALLET SHOE AND BRING THEIR CONTAINERS BACK TO SC HOOL. STUDENTS CAN USE THE OBJECTS IN THE CONTAINERS AS PROPS AS THEY GIVE A THREE-MINUTE PRESENTATION ABOUT THEMSELVES.(THE TEACHER WHO PROVIDED THIS IDEA SUGGESTS THAT YOU MODEL THE ACTIVITY AND ENCOURAGE CREATIVITY BY GOING FIRST ITS IMPORTANT FOR THEM TO SEE YOU AS kind-hearted TOO SHE INCLUDED IN HER CONTAINER A WOODEN SPOON BECAUSE SHE LOVES TOCOOK, A JAR OF DIRT BECAUSE SHE LOVES TO GARDEN, HER SONS FIRST COWBOY BOOT, A POEM SHE WROTE, A ROCK FROM ITALY BECAUSE SHE LOVES TO TRAVEL, AND SO ON. )YOULL LEARN MUCH ABOUT EACH STUDENT WITH THIS ACTIVITY, AND IT WILL CREATE A BOND AMONG STUDENTS. AS EACH STUDENT GIVES THE PRESENTATION, YOU MIGHT WRITE A BRIEF THANK-YOU NOTE THAT MENTIONS SOMETHING SPECIFIC ABOUT THE PRESENTATION SO THAT EACH http//www. ToLearnEnglish. com http//www. ToLearnFrench. com Spanish http//www. espagnolfacile. com/english German http//www. allemandfacile. com/english STUDENT CAN TAKE HOME A SPECIAL NOTE TO SHARE WITH PARENTS.IT MIGHT TAKE A a couple of(prenominal) DAYS TO GIVE EVERY STUDENT THE OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE. 20. FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS. HOW WELL DO YOUR STUDENTS FOLLOW DIRECTIONS? PROVIDE INSTRUCTIONS FOR FOLDING A intoxication CUP FROM A PIECE OF PAPER, AND SEE HOW MANY STUDENTS CAN organize A CUP. YOU CAN USE THE PRINTABLE TEMPLATE AND INSTRUCTIONS AT THE ORIGAMI JAPANESE PAPER FOLDING WEB PAGE. FILL EACH COMPLETE CUP WITH APPLE JUICE TO SEE HOW MANY STUDENTS CORRECTLY FOLLOWED THE DIRECTIONS(YOU MIGHT WANT TO CONDUCT THIS PARTICULAR ASSESSMENT ON THE PLAYGROUND, HOWEVER ) 21. encyclopedism STYLES SURVEY. HOW DO THE STUDENTS IN YOUR CLASS LEARN BEST?DO THEY LEARN BY SEEING, HEARING, OR DOING? INVITE STUDENTS TO DISCOVER THEIR MOST SUCCESSFUL teaching STRATEGIES BY TAKING THE MODALITY QUESTIONNAIRE PROVIDED BY THE CENTER FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF education AT OHIOS MUSKINGUM COLLEGE. 22. A WORLD OF CHANGE. ON THE FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL, PROVIDE STUDENTS WITH AN 11-INCH BY 17-INCH PIECE OF DRAWING PAPER.CHALLENGE STUDENTS T O DRAW A MAP OF THE WORLD AND LABEL AS MANY COUNTRIES AND BODIES OF WATER AS THEY CAN. COLLECT THE MAPS AND PUT THEM AWAY. AT THE END OF THE SCHOOL YEAR, REPEAT THE ACTIVITY. HAS A YEAR OF LESSONS FOCUSED ON WORLD GEOGRAPHY AND CURRENT EVENTS increase YOURSTUDENTS KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD?(IF THIS ACTIVITY ISNT APPROPRIATE FOR YOU, WHY NOT SHARE IT WITH A SOCIAL STUDIES OR HISTORY TEACHER IN YOUR SCHOOL? ) 23. TIME CAPSULE. TURN EMPTY PRINGLES CANS OR PAPER wipe TUBES INTO MINIATURE TIME CAPSULES. ASK EACH CHILD TO CREATE A TIME CAPSULE THAT INCLUDES SUCH ITEMS AS A HANDWRITING SAMPLE, A HAND TRACING, A SELF PORTRAIT, AND SO ON.AT THE END OF THE SCHOOL YEAR, COMPARE SAMPLES FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR WITH NEW SAMPLES. 24. A VIDEO KEEPSAKE. AT THE START OF THE SCHOOL YEAR, OR BEFORE SCHOOL STARTS, IF viable, PROVIDE PARENTS WITH A LIST OF SUPPLIES TO SENDTO SCHOOL WITH THEIR CHILDREN. INCLUDE ON THE LIST A BLANK enter FOR EACH STUDENT. AT LEAST ONCE A calendar month, INVITE A PA RENT VOLUNTEER TO COME IN AND VIDEOTAPE EACH STUDENT READING ALOUD FROM A best-loved BOOK. SEND THE VIDEOTAPES HOME AT THE END OF THE YEAR AS A keepsake AND AS A REMINDER OF THE READING GROWTH THAT HAPPENED DURING THE COURSE OF THE YEAR.25. stimulateS AND STONES THIS guileless ACTIVITY HAS BEEN MAKING THE ROUNDS OF MAILING LISTS RECENTLY PROVIDE EACH STUDENT WITH A SMALL PAPER CUTOUT IN THE SHAPE OF A HUMAN, OR HAVE STUDENTS CUT OUT THEIR OWN PAPER FIGURES. ASK EACH STUDENT TO WRITE HIS OR HER NAME ON THE CUTOUT.HAVE STUDENTS FORM A CIRCLE. THEN TELL STUDENTS TO PASS THE CUTOUTS TO THE PERSON ON THEIR RIGHT. AS THE CUTOUTS ARE PASSED AROUND THE CIRCLE, HAVE EACH PERSON assoil A SMALL CRUMPLE OR TEAR IN THE CUTOUT OR ADD A PENCIL MARK. WHEN THE CUTOUTS HAVE MADE THEIR WAY AROUND THE ENTIRE CIRCLE, HAVE STUDENTS TRY TO REPAIR THEIR OWN CUTOUTS BY FLATTENING, ERASING, OR TAPING. AFTER THE CUTOUTS ARE REPAIRED, DISCUSS THE ACTIVITY. TALK ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF UNKIND WORDS AND HURT F EELINGS. YOU MIGHT DISPLAY THE CUTOUTS ON A CLASSROOM air BOARD AS A CONSTANT REMINDER OF THE EFFECTS OF deleterious ACTIONS. 26. ILLUSTRATED STUDENT resileIONS.STUDENTS IN MIDDLE SCHOOL AND ABOVE CAN REFLECT ON THEIR DREAMS AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS WITH THIS FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL ACTIVITY PROVIDED BY AN atomic number 49 TEACHER. A SIMPLE ILLUSTRATION PROVIDES A BACKDROP STUDENTS CAN USE TO SHARE THEIR DREAMS, THEIR INTERESTS, AND THE HIGH AND LOW POINTS IN THEIR LIVES. THE ACTIVITY CAN PROVIDE TEACHERS WITH IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT STUDENTS INTERESTS, CONCERNS, AND GOALSTEACHERS CAN USE THE INFORMATION TO notice HOW BEST TO DIRECT STUDENTS AND PROVIDE FOR THEIR INDIVIDUAL NEEDS. I Wish I Were a Butterfly. Students across the grades will enjoy this book, written by jam Howe and illustrated by Ed Young.A CRICKET LONGS TO BE A exquisite BUTTERFLY UNTIL A SPIDER TEACHES HER THAT ALL FRIENDS ARE BEAUTIFUL. READ THE BOOK ALOUD, AND THEN DISCUSS THE STORYS MESSAGE. 27. SURVEYS AND GRAPH S. START THE YEAR WITH A SURVEY ACTIVITY IN WHICH STUDENTS GET TO KNOW ONE ANOTHER AS THEY CREATE SIMPLE BAR OR PICTURE GRAPHS. STUDENTS WORK IN PAIRS OR SMALL GROUPS TO COLLECT RESPONSES TO A CLASS SURVEY, AND THEN THEY GRAPH THE RESULTS.OLDER STUDENTS CAN DEVELOP THEIR OWN SURVEY QUESTIONS jr. STUDENTS MIGHT COLLECT DATA IN RESPONSE TO QUESTIONS PROVIDED BY THE TEACHER. QUESTIONS MIGHT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING WHEN YOU BRING LUNCH TO SCHOOL, HOW DO YOU put out IT? IF YOU WERE TO CARRY A THERMOS BOTTLE TO SCHOOL, WHAT WOULD BE IN IT? WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE organise? HOW DO YOU GET TO SCHOOL MOST DAYS? WHAT IS YOUR BEST substance IN SCHOOL? HOW MANY MILES DO YOU LIVE FROM SCHOOL? WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE SNACK?http//www. ToLearnEnglish. com http//www. ToLearnFrench. com Spanish http//www. espagnolfacile. com/english German http//www. allemandfacile. com/english WHAT WAS YOUR FAVORITE SUMMER MOVIE? AFTER STUDENTS COLLECT THE DATA, THEY CREATE A SIMPLE GRAPH TO DISPLAY THE RESU LTS OF THEIR SURVEY.ONE STUDENT IN EACH PAIR OR GROUP CAN THEN REPORT THE FINDINGS WHILE ANOTHER EXPLAINS THE GRAPH. DISPLAY THE GRAPHS ON A BULLETIN BOARD FOR ALL TO SEE 28. AN medium DAY. CHALLENGE STUDENTS TO COMPUTE CLASS AVERAGES. HAVE STUDENTS WORK IN PAIRS OR SMALL GROUPS TO COLLECT, CALCULATE, AND REPORT ON THE AVERAGE AGE, SHOE SIZE, HEIGHT, FAMILY SIZE (AND SO ON )OF THE STUDENTS IN YOUR CLASS. 29. PERSONALIZED CLASSROOM CALENDAR. EVERY CLASSROOM HAS A CALENDAR. WHY NOT PERSONALIZE YOUR CLASSROOM CALENDAR WITH PHOTOGRAPHS OF YOUR STUDENTS? FIRST, MAKE A CALENDAR POCKET map WITH SEVEN COLUMNS (ONE FOR EACH DAY OF THE WEEK) AND FIVE ROWS(SO THE CHART CAN HANDLE MONTHS WITH FIVE WEEKS).THEN HAVE STUDENTS MAKE SIGNS WITH THE NUMBERS 1 TO 31 ON THEM. THE NUMBERS SHOULD BE LARGE ENOUGH TO BE CLEARLY SEEN FROM A DISTANCE.USE A available CAMERA TO TAKE A PICTURE OF EACH STUDENT HOLDING ONE OF THE NUMBERED SIGNS. SLIP THE PHOTOGRAPHS INTO THE POCKETS ON THE CALENDAR. CHANGE THE CALENDAR EACH MONTH BACK-TO-SCHOOL first rudiment BOOK. THIS IS AN ACTIVITY THAT CAN BE DONE ACROSS THE GRADES SHARE WITH STUDENTS SOME ABC BOOKS FROM THE SCHOOL OR TOWN LIBRARY AND TELL THEM THAT THEY WILL BE WORKING TOGETHER TO CREATE A BACK-TO-SCHOOL ABC BOOK.ASSIGN A LETTER OF THE ALPHABET TO EACH STUDENT.BRAINSTORM WITH STUDENTS POSSIBLE WORDS FOR EACH LETTER OR ALLOW EACH STUDENT TO CHOOSE HIS OR HER OWN WORD. EXPLAIN THAT THE WORDS MUST BE RELATED TO ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED WITH SCHOOL. OF COURSE, THE DIFFICULTY OF THE WORDS WILL VARY, DEPENDING ON THE GRADE LEVEL OF THE STUDENTS. FOR EXAMPLE, A MIGHT BE REPRESENTED BY THE WORDS ART, ABACUS, ATTENDANCE, ALGEBRA, ADDITION, ADVISOR, ATHLETICS, AUDITORIUM, ALPHABET, respond KEY, APPLE, ARITHMETIC, ANNOUNCEMENT, AWARD, A-V, AIDE, OR ASSISTANT PRINCIPAL. FINALLY, HAVE EACH STUDENT ILLUSTRATE HIS OR HER WORD.COMBINE THE PICTURES TO CREATE A BOOK. DISPLAY THE BOOK IN THE CLASSROOM OR SCHOOL LIBRARY. AS AN EXTRA CHALLENGE, YOU MIGHT LIMIT OLDER STUDENTS TO CHOOSING ADJECTIVES NO NOUNS ALLOWED BACK-TO-SCHOOL WORD SEARCH. PRINT A BACK-TO-SCHOOL WORD SEARCH AND CHALLENGE STUDENTS TO FIND THE SCHOOL-RELATED WORDS HIDDEN IN THE queer. OR CREATE YOUR OWN WORD SEARCH PUZZLE CONTAINING THE FIRST NAMES OF ALL THE STUDENTS IN YOUR CLASS.GO TO PUZZLEMAKER. COMS WORD SEARCH PUZZLEMAKER TO CREATE YOUR PUZZLE. 30. Making An beta Book ON THE FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL I READ THE IMPORTANT BOOK BY MARGARET WISE BROWN.I REVIEW separate WRITING AND INSTRUCT THEM TO WRITE A PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE SAME FORMAT AS THE BOOK ABOUT THEMSELVES. I ALSO DO THE SAME. AFTER THE ROUGH DRAFTS ARE WRITTEN THEY ARE TO DO A FINAL DRAFT AND ATTACH IT TO A WHITE PIECE OF PAPER, WHERE THEY ADD AN ILLUSTRATION. ALL THE PAGES ARE LAMINATED AND BOUND INTO A BOOK.STUDENTS REREAD THIS BOOK THROUGHOUT THE YEAR. IT EASILY BECOMES A FAVORITE. STUDENTS ALSO ENJOY READING THE BOOK FROM THE PREVIOUS YEARS CLASSES. 31. Names Word Search IN ORDER FOR MY STUDENT S TO GET TO KNOW THEIR CLASSMATES, I CREATE A WORD SEARCH WITH THE NAMES OF MY STUDENTS.AFTER ALL THE NAMES ARE FOUND THE REMAINING LETTERS REVEAL THE HIDDEN MESSAGE WELCOME BACK TO SCHOOL. THIS WEBSITE IS GREAT FOR CREATING heterogeneous TYPES OF PUZZLES HTTP//WWW. PUZZLEMAKER. COM 32. Me Puppets ON THE FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL (UNLIKE THE REMAINING DAYS OF THE SCHOOL YEAR), THE CHILDREN ARE USUALLY RELUCTANT TO TALK ABOUT THEMSELVES. WE MAKE ME PUPPETS using PAPER PLATES FOR THE HEAD, YARN FOR THE HAIR, AND CONSTRUCTION PAPER FACIAL FEATURES, WITH A POPSCICLE STICK FOR A HANDLE. UPON COMPLETION, WE STAGE A PUPPET denominate.THE CHILDREN HIDE THEIR FACES WITH THE PUPPETS AND TELL THEIR CLASSMATES ALLABOUT THEIR FAMILIES, HOBBIES, PETS, ETC. 33. First sidereal day Name Puzzle ON THE FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL, I LIKE TO MAKE A NAME PUZZLE WITH MY STUDENTS. I TAKE A LARGE PIECE OF poster BOARD, AND MARK OUT LINES THAT CAN BE CUT INTO PIECES. MAKE SURE THAT THE PUZZLE WILL HAVE ENOUGH PIECE S FOR EACH STUDENT TO HAVE ONE.WE ALL GATHER ON THE FLOOR TO WRITE OUR NAME ON THE BLANK SIDE OF THE POSTER BOARD. I WRITE MY NAME IN THE MIDDLE, AND THE STUDENTS WRITE THEIR NAME IN ALL DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS. WHEN I HAVE FREE TIME, I CUT THE BOARD INTO PUZZLE PIECES. AS A CLASS WE EACH FIND THE SPOT WHERE OUR PUZZLE PIECE BELONGS.TAPE THE PUZZLE TOGETHER AFTER SCHOOL, AND POST IT ON THE WALL IN THE CLASSROOM. WHEN THE STUDENTS RETURN THE NEXT DAY, THE WILL BE EXCITED TO SEE THE PUZZLE, AND TO SHOW OFF THEIR NAME. MY KIDS HAVE FUN TALKING AND, WORKING TO PUT THE PUZZLE TOGETHER. 34. First day (or week) of schoolFamily Wreath I COLLECTED FAMILY PICTURES OF EACH OF MY STUDENTS DURING OUR INTRODUCTION DAY. I TOLD THE FAMILY I WOULD PROBABLY NOT RETURN THESE PICTURES.I THEN TOOK THE PICTURES AND MADE A FAMILY WREATH, FOR THE LONELY DAYS OR WHEN THE STUDENTS JUST MISSED HOME. THIS WAS AHUGE HIT WITH ALL THE FAMILIES AND THE CHILDREN. I PLACED THE WREATH IN THE HOME LIVING AREA, AND WAS AM AZED TO SEE THE STUDENTS, ALL YEAR http//www. ToLearnEnglish. com http//www. ToLearnFrench. com Spanish http//www. espagnolfacile. com/english Germanhttp//www. allemandfacile. com/english LONG, GO OVER TO THE WREATH AND TAKE TIME TO ADMIRE IT AND THEIR FAMILY. (SOME FAMILIES INCLUDED PET PICTURES TO PUT ON THE WREATH). ON THE LAST DAY OF SCHOOL I AUCTIONED IT OFF TO A FAMILY AND BOUGHT SUPPLIES FOR THE CLASS ROOM. ALL MY PARENTS WANTED THIS KEEPSAKE. 35. acquire Acquainted..I LIKE TO HAVE SOME GET ACQUAINTED PROJECTS FOR THE FIRST FEW DAYS. ONE THING I DO IS WHEN I SEND MY PARENTS A WELCOMING LETTER, I ASK THAT THE CHILDREN BRING IN A SMALL BAG OF PICTURES AND OTHER SMALL OBJECTS THAT COULD BE PART OF A ME COLLAGE. THESE COLLAGES ARE A GOOD SPRINGBOARD FOR THE CHILDREN TO DISCUSS THEIR UNIQUE QUALITIES, AND AT THE END OF THE YEAR, THEY ENJOY SEEING HOW THEY HAVE CHANGED. WE ALSO MAKE shoal PICTURE FRAMES FOR THEIR FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL PHOTOS. I CUT SCHOOLHOUSES OUT OF OAKTAG, A ND THE CHILDREN GLUE pasta ON THE FRAMES. I SPRAY PAINT THE PASTA FRAMES GOLD.THE PARENTS LOVE HAVING THIS MEMENTO OF THEIR CHILDS FIRST DAY WHEN I GIVE IT TO THEM ON BACK-TO-SCHOOL NIGHT. 36. Getting to Know Each Other .. ON THE FIRAT DAY OF SCHOOL DO AN ACTIVITY TO BRING THE CLASS TOGETHER SUCH AS A CLASSROOM SURVEY. THE STUDENTS WALK AROUND AND TALK TO THE OTHER STUDENTS AND FILL OUT A QUESTIONAIRRE. AT THE SAME TIME THEY ARE GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER. 37. Fun First Day Activity .. ON THE FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL I HAVE PLENTY OF PRE-CUT LETTERS IN divide OF DIFFERENT COLORS ON A TABLE. AS THE CHILDREN COME IN THEY FIND THE LETTERS TO plot THEIR NAMES AND GLUE THEM TOGETHER.I HANG THESE FROM THE CEILING THEY REALLY crystallize UP THE ROOM AND LOOK GREAT FOR OPEN HOUSE USUALLY THIS IS THE FIRST THING THEY POINT OUT TO THEIR PARENTS. 38. What are your expectations? ASK FOR THEIR EXPECTATIONS. TELL THEM YOURE INTERESTED IN THEIR OPINIONS AND YOURE ASKING THEM THESE QUESTIONS AS A WA Y OF FINDING OUT ABOUT THEIR LEARNING STYLES AND PREFERENCES. ASK THEM TO WRITE, development AS MUCH DETAIL AS POSSIBLE, THEIR RESPONSES TO QUESTIONS, SUCH AS NOW THAT IVE TOLD YOU MY EXPECTATIONS OF A GOOD STUDENT, WHAT ARE YOUR EXPECTATIONS OF A GOOD TEACHER? TELL ME ABOUT THE BEST TEACHER YOUVE EVER HAD.WHAT MADE THAT PERSON SUCH A GOOD TEACHER? NOW THAT IVE TOLD YOU SOME OF MY IDEAS ABOUT HOW WE WILL GO ABOUT LEARNING THIS YEARS MATERIAL, TELL ME ABOUT HOW YOU LEARN BEST. GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF A PROJECT OR UNIT WHERE YOU LEARNED A LOT. DESCRIBE THE PROJECT IN DETAIL.39. TIME CAPSULES A TIME-PROVEN YEAR OPENER I GIVE EACH STUDENT A SHEET WITH QUESTIONS SUCH AS WHATS YOUR FAVORITE TV SHOW? WHATS YOUR FAVORITE SONG? AND WHATS YOUR FAVORITE BOOK? ON IT. THERES A SPACE FOR STUDENTS TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR AND ANOTHER SPACE FOR THEM TO ANSWER THESAME QUESTIONS AT THE END OF THE YEAR. AFTER STUDENTS PUT THEIR ANSWERS IN THE FIRST BLANK, I TIE ALL THE SH EETS TOGETHER AND PUT THEM IN MY FILE CABINET, BRIGHT TOLD EDUCATION WORLD. ITS ALWAYS FUNNY AT THE END OF THE YEAR TO HEAR THEM LAUGHING AND SCREECHING OVER THEIR ANSWERS FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR. THEY ALWAYS CHANGE THEIR MINDS BY THE END OF THE YEAR BEGINNING-OF-THE-YEAR TIME CAPSULES CAN INCLUDE MANY OTHER ITEMS TOO. IN ADDITION TO STUDENTS QUESTION SHEETS, THEIR INDIVIDUAL TIME CAPSULES MIGHT ALSO INCLUDE A.TRACING OF THEIR HAND, A PIECE OF YARN CUT TO MEASURE THEIR HEIGHT, AND A WRITING SAMPLE. SEALED THE ITEMS IN ENVELOPES, AND OPEN THEM AT THE END OF THE SCHOOL YEAR. STUDENTS WILL SURELY BE AMAZED AT THEIR GROWTH PHYSICALLY AND ACADEMICALLY FOR THAT TIME CAPSULE WRITING SAMPLE, YOU MIGHT USE ANOTHER OF BRIGHTS FAVORITE BEGINNING-OF-SCHOOL ACTIVITIES. I HAVE STUDENTS INTERVIEW EACH OTHER LIKE NEWSPAPER REPORTERS SOMETIME DURING THE FIRST WEEK OF SCHOOL, BRIGHT EXPLAINED. THEY HAVE TO ASK A PARTNER FIVE QUESTIONS AND USE THOSE ANSWERS TO WRITE A PARAGRAPH ABOUT THEIR PA RTNER.THEN THEY INTRODUCE THEIR PARTNER TO THE CLASS BY READING THE INTERVIEWS. 40. THESE ARE A FEW OF MY FAVORITE THINGS INVITING STUDENTS TO SHARE A FEW OF THEIR FAVORITE THINGS IS A GREAT WAY TO BREAK THE ICE INTRODUCE AN OVERHEAD TRANSPARENCY ON WHICH YOU HAVE ALL KINDS OF PICTURES THAT DESCRIBE YOURSELF.THERES A PLANE, LOTS OF BOOKS, A HILL, AND MORE. INVITE YOUR STUDENTS TO GUESS FROM THE DRAWINGS WHAT YOUR FAVORITE OUTSIDE INTERESTS MIGHT BE. (DID YOU GUESS TRAVELING, READING, AND HIKING? ). GIVE EACH STUDENT A SHEET OF DRAWING PAPER AND ASK THEM TO TELL ME ABOUT THEMSELVES USING ONLYPICTURES.BREAK INTO SMALL COOPERATIVE GROUPS, AND EACH GROUP TRIES TO TELL ABOUT THE PEOPLE IN THEIR GROUP. OF COURSE, WALK AROUND AND INTERACT WITH EACH GROUP TO KNOW THEM TOO. 41. MAKE A LARGE CHART TITLED GETTING TO KNOW YOU. LAMINATE THE CHART AND HANG IT ON A WALL IN YOUR CLASSROOM. THE CHART HAS SECTIONS FOR EACH STUDENTS NAME AND INTERESTING FACTS, SUCH AS HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE IN THEIR F AMILY, HOW MANY PETS THEY HAVE, THEIR FAVORITE http//www. ToLearnEnglish. com http//www. ToLearnFrench. com Spanish http//www. espagnolfacile. com/english German

Should Students Wear Uniforms

Are Uni take ins A Good route to Improve Students Discipline and Motivation? AED 200 Introduction Uniforms open been a big debate for years. some(prenominal)(prenominal) educators and p arnts believe experience renders are a great addition to the cultivate system while others tint it is non giving students freedom of speech by expressing themselves in what they burst. Should Students Wear Uniforms? Should students wear uniforms is the big debate crosswise groom districts across the united states today. According to Eduguide. rg, initiate uniforms are one step that may break the cycle of violence truancy and disorder by parcel young students understand what really counts. almost feel students benefit from uniforms because it boosts their self-esteem. Students similarly have feel like they are in a make show coifing in uniforms makes students realize what on the in spot that counts. Uniforms light the influence of gangs and are known to make things difficult for weap ons being brought in hidden inside of clothes. Uniforms improve learning.Uniforms reduce distraction and shapes focus on coach work and making the classroom a more real environment. Uniforms improve behavior and increase school attendance. Uniforms save families time and money. Parents describe uniforms are cheaper than buying designer clothes or keeping up with the latest trends. Uniforms helps the administrators quickly identify outsiders who could be a danger to the students. Some people believe uniforms shows neatness by requiring students to tuck in their shirts, wear belts and wear shoes similar in color.Students dressing the same decreases coquette about clothing and shoe appearance. Uniforms prepare chelaren for following a dress code for the future when they reach adulthood and join the workforce. Some children form their own groups in school in which wearying a authorized thing or color or style. Some children use sort trends to differentiate the popular ones from t he unpopular children according to what they wear. Uniforms make it less realistic for kids to be judged establish on clothing choices. Uniforms prevent the competition to have the most fashion satisfactory clothes.Competition in school causes students to lose focus on schoolwork instead of on who is wearing the latest fashion trends. Uniforms give-up the ghost clothes competiveness. A nonher phrase from Proffessorshouse. com states that some people claim that requiring a uniform increase graduation rates and also has an impact on childrens educational experience. Students performed on the uniform debate claim that uniforms upgrade discipline, helps prevent social groups from forming opinions based on fashion status, gets rid of economic barriers and makes easily to identify persons at the school who should not be there.The obligate also talks about how some form of dress codes enforce around 75% of all schools dress codes are in household to outlaws offensive clothing being worn to the school. After reviewing another article from Ezinearticles. com uniforms create a source of identity and provides a sense of be according to the article the article some childrens believe the school chosen for them is a sort of achievement and the school uniform is a mark of inclusion, something to brag about and they feel proud and empowered wearing it.It eliminates the child having to worry about what to wear each day. Uniforms also reduce the parent of having to spend money to helping the child to keep up with the latest trends every day. Uniforms allow a sense of unified answer to develop particular rivalry with other establishments. Uniforms reinforce childrens since of be to reassuring communities. In a 1996 Long Beach, Calif. speech, former President flyer Clinton announced his support of that districts uniform initiative.It didnt get far in the United States but it also helped start the debate. Uniforms also closes the debate on what children are allowed we ar to school, then that makes mornings easier for parents and for children. Everyone knows exactly what the kids need to wear, their regulated school uniform. This leads to a decrease in morning arguments. Some experts believe that when the holy student body is dressed in uniforms, they develop a stronger squad mentality. When they are all dressed alike, their all-for-one-and-one-for-all attitude is boosted.With parents saving by not having to buy day to day clothes, they can let their children buy a few nicer and more fashionable clothes for weekends and evenings. Wearing a uniform five days a week can make children hold dear their weekend fashions more. Why Students Should Not Wear Uniforms Parents on the opposing side feel uniforms violate the right to freedom of speech and expression a uniform cost too much for families struggling financially, uniforms are a band aid on the problem of school violence and does not address the real issues behind it.Uniforms hide warning signs t hat point to problems that possibly going on with the child. Some feel that uniforms have not been able to prove wither the decreased discipline or violence and uniforms flush it to allow children the ability to learn and make good choices based on their own values. Most feel that uniform are not allowing children to be themselves. Some believe that children cannot be themselves clothes are an expression of who they are. Parents feel that uniforms can be more expensive than regular clothes.Some parents may feel they are a big waste of money wither the school paid for them or not. Some feel uniforms make children uncomfortable and made them focus on the uniform rather than focusing on school work. Also uniforms do not change a childs behavior in school. Wearing uniforms stop children from getting in affect and acting out in school. Self-expression is an important part of a childs development and curbing it with uniforms can be determined to children. Some feel if students are not able to express themselves will in another way by excessive make-up or hairstyles or jewelry.Uniform wear delays transitions into adulthood. Some experts feel teenagers to wear uniforms limits their ability to express in their own way in which can delay their transition in adulthood. Studies show uniforms can be a difficult to enforce in public schools. Conclusion Uniforms have many pros and cons, most believe uniforms are a good option for kids while others feel they can agree who kids are through expressing themselves through the clothes they wear uniforms cuts down on violence and is a solution to economic problems parents may be veneer today.My own personal experience with uniforms causes me to look at uniforms in both sides of the issue. I feel uniforms should be forced in middle or high school but voluntary in elementary schools. I feel most kids in elementary school do not notice what each other wear. Middle and high school is the propagation where students notice what the other person is wearing or form groups based on who they think are popular or the other. Uniforms are a choice based on school officials and it is up to the child or school if uniforms work. References Website EduGuide. com Website Ezarticle. com Website About. com

Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce

The story portrait of the Artist as Young Man is set in the Ireland at the beginning of the 20th century. Readers are introduced to the character of Stephen Dedalus, a new-made Irish boy from a Catholic family. The family is impoverished because of his father is incompetent. The family constantly moves from oneness place to another because of their poverty.Mary Dedalus, Stephens mother is a pious Catholic. The Dedalus children were taught by Mrs. Riordan (or Dante) their governess, also a dev place Catholic. Their Uncle Charles stays with them. The opening paragraphs start out with a stream of consciousness by Stephen as a young boy.The next time Stephen appears is during his stay at a embarkation coach in Clangowes. He suffers from homesickness, and bullying because of his measly frame and basically honest otiose to fit in the society of the boarding school. He is pushed by a bully into a cesspool that caused him to be sick scarcely does not tell his teachers about it.During Christmas, he joins the adult table for the scratch time. The dinner turns ugly when a heated debate about politics among the adults started. Back at the boarding school, Stephen is hit by Father Dolan, the prefect of the boarding school. He tells this incident to Father Conmee, the rector of the boarding of the boarding school. His classmates respect this act.His familys continued financial woes took its toll on Stephen. He was unable to return to the boarding school in Clangowes. Stephen, along with the rest of the family moves to Blackrock. Stephen enjoyed walks with his Uncle Charles in their new place. He plays imaginary adventures with Aubrey Mills, their neighbor in Blackrock.Yet again, just a few years after their move to Blackrock, they move again, this time to Dublin. This is where he meets Emma Clere, the girl that would greatly enthral Stephen throughout the story. Somehow his father managed to move into Stephen into Belvedere College.It was only in Belvedere where Stephen comes out of his shell, he became a leader and is active in theatre and literature. Stephen still feels alone regular if he excels in those fields.As an adolescent young man, he got exposed to kindle and is greatly fascinated by it, until finally he loses his virginity to prostitute.Stephen becomes addicted to sex. Although he knows that what he is doing is wrong he cant control himself or rather he does not want to. After some time, he hears a sermon from Father Arnall, his former Latin teacher stomach in Clongowes. The priests talks about how terrible hell is. Stephen is horrified. He on the spur of the moment changes from a sex addict person to a religious person.

Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Essay

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar is considered a hero by millions of Indias ladened OBCs (Other Backward orders or lowered clubs) and Dalits. He was Indias 20th cytosine crusader against the caste system. He was a statesman, national leader, and the chief designer of the Indian Constitution. Dr. Ambedkars thoughts and writings still have signifi lavatoryt captivate on the masses of Indians working to free themselves from Brahmanism (the caste system, as pass by the religion called Hinduism). Following be just a a couple of(prenominal) quotes from literally thousands of pages of Ambedkar speeches and writings.Speaking about the coming Indian independence from enceinte Britain, Ambedkar stated, we are going to enter into a life of contradictions. In administration we allow have equality, and in amicable and economic life we will have inequality. In politics we will be recognizing the principle of one-woman(prenominal) one vote and one vote one value. In our sociable and economic li fe, we shall by reason of our social and economic structure bear upon to deny the principle of one-man one value. How long shall we pass on to go through this life of contradictions? How long shall we continue to deny equality in our social and economic life? If we continue to deny it for long, we will do so only by putting our political democracy in peril. (p.295)whether variation can solve the problem of untouchability. The answer to that question is emphatically in the affirmative. (p.87) Hinduism is a religion which is non founded on morality. Whatever morality Hinduism has, it is not an underlying part of it. (p.257) I do not want to be misunderstood when I say that Brahmanism is an enemy which must be dealt with. By Brahmanism, I do not mean the power, privileges and interests of the Brahmins as a community. That is not the sense in which I am using the word. By Brahmanism, I mean the negation of the spirit of liberty, equality, and fraternity. In that sense, it is rampa nt in all classes and is not confined to the Brahmins alone, though they have been the originators of it. (p.88)Hinduism is not interested in the harsh man. Hinduism is not interested in society as a whole. The spirit of interest lies in a class, and its philosophy is concerned in sustaining and supporting(a) the rights of that class. That is why in the philosophy of Hinduism, the interests of the common man as swell as of society are denied, suppressed, and sacrificed to the interest of this class of Supermen (Brahmin). (p. 258)there can be no doubt that caste is one and an essential and integral part of HinduismA Hindu is as much born into caste as he is born in Hinduism. Indeed a soul cannot be born in Hinduism unless he is born in caste. Caste and Hinduism are inseparable. (p.259)The record of the Brahmins as law givers for the Shudras (OBCs), for the Untouchables (Dalits) and for women is the blackest as compared with the record of the knowing classes in other parts of th e world. For no intellectual class has prostituted its intelligence to invent a philosophy to keep its uneducated countrymen in a perpetual state of ignorance and poverty as the Brahmins have done in India. (p.259)Despite recent news telling us that India is surging anterior in mordernization and in economic and social gains, the current growth trends are touching, at most, fifteen percent of the Indian population. The vast mass of India remain unaffected by the current growth trends. These masses will continue to remain unaffected until the Kingdom of God comes and brings opportunity to the Indian majority (OBCs and Dalits).

Analysis of Saab

Saab is an acronym for Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebola fail. The bon ton was founded in Sweden in 1937 for the purpose of construction aircrafts for the Swedish Air phalanx during World War II. After the war ended, Saab entered the automobile industry and relocate to Trollhattan where they ar still located today. Saab is hygienic diversified producing products in quintuplet different business units Aeronautics, Dynamics, Electronic Defense Systems, Security and Defense Solutions, and give birth and Services. Saab was acquired by General Motors in 1990 who then sold the rights to Spyker Cars in 2010. prey Consumer Saabs target market is labeled as postmodern individualists who give their consume style rather than following others. These individuals are considered well-educated and usually lodge in urban areas. They research a car that is simple, delivers quality performance, and get outs large(p) safety. The car driving experience is built around the idea of providing joy for the driver. Saabs main markets include Sweden, United States, and the United Kingdom. Competitors Saab competes with many well established brands and companies in each of its main markets.The Volkswagen Group which owns Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, SEAT, Skoda, and of course Volkswagen is cardinal of Saabs numerous competitors. They too compete with BMW, Volvo and Daimler AG who makes Mercedes. Saab has been struggling to revive slumping gross sales in the US market for some time. Their lack of ability to create a distinctive design and finding the right price tags are some of the reasons they claim found it tall(prenominal) to compete as a luxury brand. Industry Analysis The automobile industry as a whole has taken a hit since the global economic downswing and has created an uphill battle for Saab ever since.In 2008 the Swedish government had to provide financial assistance to both Volvo and Saab due to the automotive industry crisis. These events have taken a toll on Saabs output and performance in spite of appearance the industry. In February of 2009 General Motors, Saabs owners at the time warned that Saab may fail should the Swedish government not intervene again. Struggling to maintain a still financial intake Saab was forced to close down its manufacturing plants and again seek financial aid outside of the gild.Saabs capacity to preserve a stable imagine as it moves forward is critical to future victory in the competitive automobile industry. SWOT Analysis After taking a notion at Saabs strengths, hotshot of its strongest is its ability to innovate. As stated earlier, Saab offers a variety of products ranging from military defense, aeronautics, civil security products, and automobiles. Saab has show several first mover advantages throughout its history. For instance, Saab created the first car exchangeable with fitted seatbelts in 1958. More recently, they introduced cross-wheel drive in 2008.In general, Saab emphasizes safety in t he production of its cars, satisfying its customers by creating a safe vehicle is one of Saabs key strengths. A few other strengths include brand inscription as well as foreign brand strength. With strengths also comes weaknesses, and one of Saabs biggest weakness is its small market share. Its automobiles are only marketed in contract countries and to a certain consumer. This is probably a key reason why the political party has been losing sales, causing them to recently halt production due to deficient funds owed to their suppliers.This has been leading to work stoppages along with Saab missing sales targets. This arouse drastically yen the companys brand image and notwithstanding damage sales in the future. Saab is also caught in the middle of prices with competition. bulk of its cars are not priced towards the lower or upper bounds in the market. Forecasting Saabs opportunities in the future all does not come along to be lost. If Saab is able to establish a form of cred it and coronation from outside resources, the company can get back on its feet. Saabs main focus now should be to move into bran-new-sprung(prenominal) markets and try to capture market share.With recent news and talks of securing money from Chinese investors, Saab should act on this opportunity. By partnering with the Chinese, Saab will have access to the Asian markets which can potentially generate new market share and sales. They also have the potential to gain manufacturing innovations which can lead to cost savings as well as technological advancements. Saab is still a company with many threats however. If Saab is unable to capture market share, it will be difficult for them to recover. Key IssuesAs mentioned earlier, Saab Automobile was forced to stop making cars because of a dispute with their suppliers about payment. The vice president of global sales at Saab hoped the issue would be resolved within a week so the carmaker could get the needed parts and resume vehicle ass embly. This ensuant was the result of Saabs component makers halting deliveries and filling payment. Saab did not have the silver to pay their suppliers, so a loan was needed. It is important for a manufacturing company to maintain a good relationship with their suppliers. Saab was unable to do that and it hurt the production of their cars.Innovation is also important for Saab, they should continue to innovate new safety features and improve the performance of their vehicles to achieve a competitive edge. Recommendations Since the study issue for Saab right now is lack of liquidity, the first recommendation for Saab is to get more funding from the European Investment Bank. Bringing a new Russian bank could be a good idea and building authority to enhance investment. Unfortunately, Saabs financial plan is quite restricted on the government policy which makes it more difficult for Saab to be elastic in its decision making.It is very important that Saab maintains better communic ation and trust with its suppliers to increase a good reputation and a basis to demand longer deadlines for payment. In addition, there might be some operational issues or supply chain unbalance, which could be the cause of lack of leadership. This could be the result of their illiquidity. In this case, this is now high time for Saab to actually look over its operation and whole procurement process, apply lean manufacturing, and guess out the root of the problem.

The Golden Age of Islam

The golden age of Muslim (and/or Muslim) dodge lasted from 750 to the 16th century, when c whilemics, glass, metalwork, textiles, illuminated holographs, and woodwork flourished. Lustrous glazing was an Islamic contribution to ceramics. Islamic luster-painted ceramics were imitated by Italian potters during the Renaissance. Manuscript illumination demonstrable into an master(prenominal) and greatly respected art, and portrait miniature painting flourished in Persia.Calligraphy, an essential verbalism of written Arabic, essential in manuscripts and architectural decoration. This paper will read the Islamic belles-lettres, music and philosophers. The most closely k right offn work of prevarication from the Islamic human was The Book of One cubic yard and One Nights (Arabian Nights), which was a compilation of m both earlier folk tales told by the Persian cig atomic number 18t Scheherazade. The epic took year in the 10th century and reached its final form by the 14th centu ry the number and type of tales flip varied from one manuscript to another.All Arabian fantasize tales were often called Arabian Nights when translated into face, careless(predicate) of whether they appeared in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights, in any version, and a number of tales are kn possess in Europe as Arabian Nights despite existing in no Arabic manuscript (L. Sprague de Camp, pg. 10). This epic has been influential in the West since it was translated in the 18th century, rootage by Antoine Galland. Many imitations were written, specially in France. Various characters from this epic have themselves become cultural icons in Western culture, such as Aladdin, Sinbad and Ali Baba.However, no medieval Arabic source has been traced for Aladdin, which was incorporated into The Book of One Thousand and One Nights by its French translator, Antoine Galland, who heard it from an Arab Syrian Christian cashier from Aleppo. Part of its popularity may have sprung from the i ncreasing historical and geographical friendship, so that places of which wee was known and so marvels were plausible had to be exercise come on long ago or farther far away this is a process that continues, and finally culminate in the fantasy world having little connection, if any, to actual times and places.A number of elements from Arabian mythology and Persian mythology are now common in modern fantasy, such as genies, bahamuts, whoremonger carpets, magic lamps, etc (John Grant and John Cute, pg. 52). When L. Frank Baum proposed writing a modern butt tale that banished stereotypical elements, he included the genie as well as the dwarf and the fairy as stereotypes to go. Ferdowsis Shahnameh, the national epic of Iran, is a mytho system of logic and heroic retelling of Persian history.Amir Arsalan was overly a popular mythical Persian story, which has influenced some modern kit and boodle of fantasy fiction, such as The Heroic Legend of Arslan. A famous example of Arabic verse and Persian poetry on romance ( love) is Layla and Majnun, dating back to the Umayyad era in the 7th century. It is a tragic story of undying love much like the later Romeo and Juliet, which was itself said to have been inspired by a Latin version of Layli and Majnun to an extent. Ibn Tufail (Abubacer) and Ibn al-Nafis were pioneers of the philosophic reinvigorated.Ibn Tufail wrote the premier fictional Arabic novel Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus) as a response to al-Ghazalis The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then Ibn al-Nafis too wrote a novel Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Ibn Tufails Philosophus Autodidactus. Both of these narratives had protagonists (Hayy in Philosophus Autodidactus and Kamil in Theologus Autodidactus) who were autodidactic feral children living in seclusion on a cease island, both cosmos the soonest examples of a desert island story.However, while Hayy lives alone with animals on the desert island for the rest of the s tory in Philosophus Autodidactus, the story of Kamil extends beyond the desert island setting in Theologus Autodidactus, developing into the earliest known coming of age plot and eventually becoming an early example of proto- wisdom fiction (John Grant and John Cute, pg. 52). Theologus Autodidactus, written by the Arabian polymath Ibn al-Nafis (12131288), is an early example of proto-science fiction.It deals with various science fiction elements such as spontaneous generation, futurology, and the end of the world and doomsday. Rather than giving supernatural or mythological explanations for these events, Ibn al-Nafis attempted to explain these plot elements using the scientific knowledge of biology, astronomy, cosmology and geology known in his time. His main purpose behind this science fiction work was to explain Islamic religious teachings in terms of science and philosophy by dint of the use of fiction.A Latin translation of Ibn Tufails work, Philosophus Autodidactus, first appeared in 1671, prepared by Edward Pococke the Younger, followed by an English translation by Simon Ockley in 1708, as well as German and Dutch translations. These translations later inspired Daniel Defoe to write Robinson Crusoe, regarded as the first novel in English (James Thurber, pg. 64). Philosophus Autodidactus also inspired Robert Boyle to write his own philosophical novel set on an island, The Aspiring Naturalist (James Thurber, pg. 64).The story also anticipated Rousseaus Emile or, On Education in some ways, and is also similar to Mowglis story in Rudyard Kiplings The Jungle Book as well as Tarzans story, in that a baby is abandoned but taken care of and fed by a mother wolf. Dante Alighieris Divine Comedy, considered the greatest epic of Italian literature, derived many a(prenominal) another(prenominal) features of and episodes about the here aft(prenominal) directly or indirectly from Arabic plant life on Islamic eschatology the Hadith and the Kitab al-Miraj (transl ated into Latin in 1264 or curtly before (James Thurber, pg. 4) as Liber Scale Machometi, The Book of Muhammads Ladder) concerning Muhammads ascension to Heaven, and the weird writings of Ibn Arabi. The Moors also had a noticeable influence on the kit and boodle of George Peele and William Shakespeare. Some of their works featured Moorish characters, such as Peeles The conflict of Alcazar and Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice, Titus Andronicus and Othello, which featured a Moorish Othello as its title character. These works are said to have been inspired by several Moorish delegations from Morocco to Elizabethan England at the beginning of the 17th century (Nazami, 1980).A number of musical instruments used in classical music are believed to have been derived from Arabic musical instruments the lute was derived from the alud, the rebec (ancestor of violin) from the rebab, the guitar from qitara, naker from naqareh, adufe from al-duff, alboka from al-buq, anafil from al-nafir, exabeba from al-shabbaba (flute), atabal (bass drum) from al-tabl, atambal from al-tinbal, the balaban, the castanet from kasatan, sonajas de azofar from sunuj al-sufr, the conical bore wind instruments, the xelami from the sulami or sinus (flute or musical pipe), the shawm and dulzaina from the reed instruments zamr and al-zurna, the gaita from the ghaita, rackett from iraqya or iraqiyya, the harp and zither from the qanun, canyon from qanun, geige (violin) from ghichak, and the theorbo from the tarab.A theory on the origins of the Western Solfege musical notation suggests that it may have also had Arabic origins. It has been argued that the Solfege syllables (do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, ti) may have been derived from the syllables of the Arabic solmization system Durr-i-Mufassal (Separated Pearls) (dal, ra, mim, fa, sad, lam). This origin heory was first proposed by Meninski in his Thesaurus Linguarum Orientalum (1680) and then by Laborde in his Essai sur la Musique Ancienne et mode rn (1780). See as well the gifted Ziryab (Abu l-Hasan Ali Ibn Nafi). Ottoman military bands are fancy to be the oldest variety of military marching band in the world. Though they are often known by the Persian-derived word Mehter. The stock instruments employed by a Mehter are Bass drum (timpani), the myringa (nakare), Frame drum (davul), the Cymbals (zil), Oboes and Flutes, Zurna, the Boru (a kind of trumpet), Triangle (instrument), and the Cevgen (a kind of stick care small concealed bells).These military bands inspired many Western nations and especially the Orchestra inspiring the works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven. Arab philosophers like al-Kindi (Alkindus) and Ibn Rushd (ibn-Roshd) and Persian philosophers like Ibn Sina (Avicenna) compete a major role in preserving the works of Aristotle, whose ideas came to dominate the non-religious thought of the Christian and Muslim worlds. They would also absorb ideas from China, and India, adding to them treme ndous knowledge from their own studies. Three speculative thinkers, al-Kindi, al-Farabi, and Avicenna (Ibn Sina), fused Aristotelianism and Neoplatonism with other ideas introduced through Islam, such as Kalam and Qiyas.This led to Avicenna founding his own Avicennism schoolhouse of philosophy, which was influential in both Islamic and Christian lands. Avicenna was also a critic of Aristotelian logic and founder of Avicennian logic, and he create the plans of empiricism and tabula rasa, and distinguished between essence and existence. From Spain the Arabic philosophic literature was translated into Hebrew, Latin, and Ladino, contributing to the development of modern European philosophy. The Jewish philosopher Moses Maimonides, Muslim sociologist-historian Ibn Khaldun, Carthage citizen Constantine the African who translated ancient Greek medical texts, and the Muslim Al-Khwarzimis collation of mathematical techniques were important figures of the Golden Age.One of the most influen tial Muslim philosophers in the West was Averroes (Ibn Rushd), founder of the Averroism school of philosophy, whose works and commentaries had an carry on on the rise of blasphemous thought in Western Europe (Nawal Muhammad Hassan, 1980) He also developed the concept of existence precedes essence. Another influential philosopher who had a epochal influence on modern philosophy was Ibn Tufail. His philosophical novel, Hayy ibn Yaqdhan, translated into Latin as Philosophus Autodidactus in 1671, developed the themes of empiricism, tabula rasa, nature versus nurture, condition of possibility, materialism, and Molyneuxs Problem. European scholars and writers influenced by this novel include John Locke, Gottfried Leibniz, Melchisedech Thevenot, John Wallis, Christiaan Huygens. George Keith, Robert Barclay, the Quakers, and Samuel Hartlib(Nawal Muhammad Hassan, 1980).Al-Ghazali also had an important influence on Jewish thinkers like Maimonides and Christian medieval philosophers such as doubting Thomas Aquinas. However, al-Ghazali also wrote a devastating critique in his The Incoherence of the Philosophers on the speculative theological works of Kindi, Farabi and Ibn Sina. The study of metaphysics declined in the Muslim world due to this critique, though Ibn Rushd (Averroes) responded strongly in his The Incoherence of the Incoherence to many of the points Ghazali raised. Nevertheless, Avicennism continued to flourish long after and Islamic philosophers continued qualification advances in philosophy through to the 17th century, when Mulla Sadra founded his school of Transcendent Theosophy and developed the concept of existentialism.Other influential Muslim philosophers include al-Jahiz, a pioneer of evolutionary thought and natural selection Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen), a pioneer of phenomenology and the philosophy of science and a critic of Aristotelian natural philosophy and Aristotles concept of place (topos) Biruni, a critic of Aristotelian natural philosophy Ib n Tufail and Ibn al-Nafis, pioneers of the philosophical novel Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi, founder of Illuminationist philosophy Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, a critic of Aristotelian logic and a pioneer of inductive logic and Ibn Khaldun, a pioneer in the philosophy of history and social philosophy. Despite a number of attempts by many writers, historical and modern, none seem to agree on the causes of decline.The main views on the causes of decline comprise the following political mismanagement after the early Caliphs (10th century onwards), foreign involvement by invading forces and compound powers (11th century Crusades, 13th century Mongol Empire, 15th century Reconquista, nineteenth century European colonial empires), and the disruption to the cycle of equity base on Ibn Khalduns famous model of Asabiyyah (the rise and fall of civilizations) which points to the decline being mainly due to political and economic factors.References 1. L. Sprague de Camp, Literary Swordsmen and Sorcerers The Makers of Heroic Fantasy, p 10 ISBN 0-87054-076-9 2. John Grant and John Clute, The cyclopaedia of Fantasy, Arabian fantasy, p 52 ISBN 0-312-19869-8 3. James Thurber, The Wizard of Chitenango, p 64 Fantasists on Fantasy edited by Robert H. Boyer and Kenneth J. Zahorski, ISBN 0-380-86553-X 4. NIZAMI LAYLA AND MAJNUN English Version by capital of Minnesota Smith 5. Nahyan A. G. Fancy (2006), Pulmonary Transit and Bodily Resurrection The Interaction of Medicine, school of thought and Religion in the Works of Ibn al-Nafis (d. 1288), pp. 95101, Electronic Theses and Dissertations, University of Notre Dame. 3 6. Dr. Abu Shadi Al-Roubi (1982), Ibn Al-Nafis as a philosopher, Symposium on Ibn al Nafis, Second International Conference on Islamic Medicine Islamic Medical Organization, Kuwait (cf. Ibnul-Nafees As a Philosopher, Encyclopedia of Islamic World). 7. Nawal Muhammad Hassan (1980), Hayy bin Yaqzan and Robinson Crusoe A study of an early Arabic impact on English literature, Al-R ashid House for Publication.

Merrill Finch Inc. Case Study Essay

Merrill Finch Incorpo arrayd is a large financial services corporation. As a newly hired financial planner for the company, I suck up been assigned the task of expendment funds $100,000 for a client. The investing alternatives have been restrict to five options T-Bills, advanced tech, Collections, U.S. Rubber, foodstuff portfolio, and a 2-Stock portfolio.The economic forecasting lag for Merrill Finch developed probability estimates for the state of the sparing, and the security analysts have developed softw ar to estimate the set up of rejoin key on from each unrivaled of these alternatives under each state of the economy. A map showing the results of the analysis is in supplement A of this report.Section 1 of this report begins with a wrangleion on the concept of Return. The calculations of each of the alternatives judge rate of revert atomic number 18 alike compute and discussed. Section 1 then continues with the concept of Risk. Three diametric timements o f insecurity be discussed and calculated for each of the investment alternatives. The hazard measurements discussed are the Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variance, and genus genus Beta Coefficient.Section 2 discusses some scenarios of distinguishable investment options. The first off is of a 2- buy in portfolio consisting of the investment of $50,000 into both High Tech and Collections. The pass judgment return, standard warp, and coefficient of variance are then calculated and discussed for this option. The second scenario is of a portfolio consisting of hit-or-missly selected stocks. The element concludes with a discussion of the chance involved with this random portfolio and how the addition of more than random stocks to the portfolio would affect the risk.Section 3 discusses the auspices Market Line (SML) Equation and how the SML would be affected if inflation expectations were to show by 3 percentage points. Appendix B shows this equation and its exercise to calculate the required returns of each of the investment alternatives. The section is then cerebrate with a discussion of these calculations and how they compare to the judge returns calculated in section 1.Due to time constraints, probability distri bution graphs for High Tech, U.S. Rubber, T-bills, and a portfolio of haphazard selected stocks has been omitted from this report.ReturnReturn is defined as the income that an investment provides in a year. When deciding on what type of commercialise to invest in, it is wise to first look at each grocery stores expected rate of return. The expected rate of return of an investment is the weighted total of the probability of all practical results. The expected rate of return of various investment options are shown in Appendix A of this report on page 6. For each option, the expected rate of return is calculated by multiplying the probability of the state of the economy by the corresponding estimated rate of return for that groce ry store, then taking the congeries of these values.One of the invested alternatives for Merrill Finchs client is exchequer Bills, or T-bills. These are a form of treasury securities issued by the United States Treasury. T-bills are said to be a risk-free investment, but in realty, there are no true risk-free securities. In regards to default risk, T-bills are risk-free because the Treasury must redeem them. Being that they must be redeemed, also shows that they are independent of the state of the economy. They are, however, susceptible to otherwise forms of risk.If the rates were to addition or decrease, T-bills would then be susceptible to reinvestment rate risk, the risk that they might non be able to be reinvested at the same rate. For this investment, the expected rate of return on T-bills is calculated to be 5.5% .High Tech and Collections are two other investment alternatives for the client. The expected rate of return is 12.4% for investing in High Tech and 1.0% for Col lections. Investors might choose to invest in one of these two depending on how well they predict the economy forget do. High Tech has a direct relationship with the movement of the economy. If the market is expected to increase, then this would be a good investment. Collections, however, moves in the icy direction of the economy. If a dec identify is expected, then investors would use this as a hedge against the negative movement of the economy.The remaining alternatives for this client are to invest in U.S. Rubber, a market portfolio, and a 2-stock portfolio of High Tech and Collections. The expected rates of return are 9.8% in U.S. Rubber, 10.5% in a market portfolio, and 6.7% in the 2-stock portfolio.RiskAs we have already discussed above, no securities are truly risk-free. Depending on the nature of the investment, the type of investment risk will vary. The following sections discuss some of the different types of measurements that can be used to determine the measurement of risk in an investment.Standard Deviation. The standard deviation () is defined as a statistical measure of the variability of a set of observations. The littler the standard deviation, the lower the risk of the investment. It is calculated by taking the weighted average of the deviations from the expected value. This provides an idea of how far above or to a lower place the expected return the actual return is likely to be. The type of risk mensural by the standard deviation is complete Risk, which measures the undiversified risk of holding an exclusive asset. For this investment analysis, the standard deviation for T-bills is 0% , 20% for High Tech, 13.2% for Collections,18.8% for U.S. Rubber, 15.2% for a market portfolio, and 3.4% for the 2-stock portfolio.Coefficient of Variance. The Coefficient of Variance (CV) is a standardized measure of the amount of risk per unit of return. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the expected return. The larger the CV, th e riskier the investment. It is a better measurement of Stand-Alone risk than the standard deviation. This is because it includes the effects of both risk and return and allows for a closer evaluation of situations where investments have substantially different expected returns. This investment analysis shows the CV for T-bills to 0, 1.6 for High Tech, 13.2 for Collections, 1.9 for U.S. Rubber, 1.4 for a market portfolio, and 0.5 for the 2-stock portfolio.Beta Coefficient. The Beta Coefficient a measurement of Market Risk. It shows the extent to which a given stocks returns move up and down with the stock market. The Beta of an average stock is 1.0, but most have betas in the range of 0.5 to 1.5. Beta coefficients are calculated as the slope of a regression line, which represents the difference between a given stock and the stock market in general. The expected returns of a market are directly related to each alternatives market risk. In other words, the higher(prenominal) the rate of return of the alternative, the higher its beta coefficient. The estimated betas for each of the clients investment alternatives are shown in the chart in Appendix A. Considering the beta coefficients provided in this chart along with the other information that we have calculated, we do not yet have bounteous information to choose among the various alternativesWhen considering whether or not to invest in a particular alternative, one thing to consider is portfolio diversification.An investors view of risk in an investment can be greatly affected by the diversification of their portfolio. The risks that can affect an undiversified portfolio may not be the same as those of a diversified portfolio. An undiversified investor may get to be more aware of the stand-alone risk and, therefore, closely admonisher the alternatives Coefficient of Variance or standard deviation. These, however, may not be as relevant to a diversified investor because they are more concerned with the feign that a stock may have on theriskiness of their spotless portfolio rather than on its stand-alone risk. Aside from having higher risk, another drawback to having a portfolio containing only an individual stock is that you would not be compensated for your higher degree of risk.SECTION 2 Investment Alternatives2-Stock PortfolioOne of the investment alternatives for the client is a 2-stock portfolio. An option with this alternative would be to invest $50,000 into both High Tech and Collections. The chart in Appendix A contains the calculations of the various measurements of risk. The expected return on the 2-stock portfolio is 6.7%, the standard deviation is 3.4%, and the CV is 0.5. The riskiness of this alternative is different than that of the individual stocks if they were apart from one another. A major difference is in the measurement of the stand-alone risk. The stand-alone risk of the individual stocks is greater than that of a stock portfolio. This is because the two stocks h ave opposite reactions to the market. As the risk of one alternative increases, the risk of the other decreases, reducing the everyplaceall risk of the portfolio. ergodic Stock SelectionAnother investment alternative to consider might be to separate a portfolio with one randomly selected stock, then randomly adding more and more stocks to this portfolio. Initially, the portfolio would have significant risk because it only contains one individual stock. As more stocks are added, the expected rate of return would remain the same, but the risk would be reduced due to the diversification of the risk done the various stocks.SECTION 3 Security Market LineThe Security Market Line (SML) equation shows the relationship between risk as measured by beta and the required rates of return on individual securities. Appendix B shows this equation and the calculations of the required returns for our various investment alternatives. give an estimated risk-free rate of 5.5% and market return of 10 .5%, the required rates of return were calculated at 5.5% for T-bills, 12.1% for High Tech, 1.15% for Collections, 9.9% for U.S. Rubber, and 10.5% for a market portfolio. These returns compare closely to the estimated returns in the chart in Appendix A. The required returns are bear on to theestimated returns for the Market Portfolio and T-Bills, showing that they are fairly valued. Required returns are greater for U.S. Rubber and Collections, showing that they are overvalued. The required return is lower for High Tech, showing that it is undervalued.The required return of a portfolio with 50-50 High Tech and Collections is calculated at 6.63%. For a 50-50 portfolio of High Tech and U.S. Rubber, the required return is 11%.If investors raised their inflation expectation by 3 percentage points over current estimates as reflected in the 5.5% risk-free rate, the SML would result in an up(a) shift of 3 percentage points. The required returns of both high and low-risk securities would a lso result in an increase of 3 percentage points. If investors risk offense increased enough to cause the market risk premium to increase by 3 percentage points, the SML would then result in an upward rotation about the y-axis and the required returns of high-risk securities would increase.