Business Environment In South Africa Research Paper

stemma Environment In South Africa - Research Paper ExampleIn addition, the country has a educate business environment that enables business to easily export and import goods. This is also advantageous to the global businesses that calculate the marker because it increases their global competitiveness. Most global companies prefer South Africa because its manufacturing base for product exports is also non expensive. This is because it is easier to access other markets such as the Sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, and South American markets from the country (Chalmers & Godfrey 273).In addition, businesses that demean the market have high opportunities to grow. This is because of the faster economic growth in the country. Furthermore, it is easier to enter the marker because of the governmental stability that has contributed to the creation of the friendly business environment. Political stability has enabled most of the global business to melt effectively because it makes the coun try integrated into the global market system. It is also easier to do business in the county because of the heathen diversity. Most global businesses find it easier to team up with the local citizens because of the many different cultures. For instance, the country has close to 11 common languages of which English is the most used. This implies that there argon no misunderstandings due to communication difficulties. accounting entry the market is also easier because corruption is not very high in the country. Researches show that among the 163 countries, South Africa is rated deed 54 for its transparency. (Chalmers & Godfrey 273). The countrys company law regime The South African government has employ various business laws that aim at promoting the competitiveness of the businesses that enter its market. The English law has influenced the favorable level-headed environment in the country. It easier for global firms to perform effectively since the businesses legal practices re lating to transactions and agreement are relevant internationally. This is because the laws have been aligned with the global norms and conventions. For instance, the countrys constitution is excellent and promotes the autonomy of the judiciary. This implies that most businesses play under the free economy framework. In addition, the legal system is opened to all the businesspersons including the foreigners on follow legal term. The commercial law also ensures that the businesspersons rights are protected by the independent courts. The Johannesburg Stock interchange (JSE) is among the leading crinkle exchanges globally due to the countrys favorable commercial legal system. The JSE expressage helps in ensuring that all companies in the market increase their capital in a comfortable and sensibly regulated market environment. The JSE also helps in increasing the quality of its companies by ensuring that all the companies in the stock market achieve higher standards compared to ot her world- class exchanges. This ensures that shareholders enjoy competent and secure market (South Africa Info.1). State-owned enterprises The state-owned enterprises (SOE) are the government owned corporations or entities in South Africa that perform certain functions as required by the law. They play a great role in creating a comfortable business environment in the country. For instance, they improve the countrys infrastructure and other services industries such as transportation and irrigate that help in

Literary analysis of short story Research Paper

Literary analysis of short report - Research Paper practice sessionReaders see through Sammys eyes as he describes the scene around him in expound from referring the workplace as a pinball machine to labeling an attractive customer as chunky. From Sammys narration, a typical analysis of the fabrication would be that it only contains nothing more significant than a checking clerks interest in three girls in bathing suits (Peden, 1964). Another more sensible take would be that the story presents a sudden moment of insight when a young man rebels against a unprogressive society (Hatcher, 1996). However, beyond the usual understanding of A & P being a coming of long time narrative is the analysis that John Updikes masterpiece tells more about an individuals scrape in a consumerist society. According to Porter (1972), the story A & P can be ably interpreted as the characters rebellion against a consumer-conditioned society. To understand this idea, it is important to first ease up our attention to the context of the story and then understand the symbolism behind the characters address to reveal the authors intention in creating an irony about the world around him. Since the story is published in the 1960s, it gives us a picture of a conservative society where people lodge to traditional values and norms. In those days, conforming to the standard appearance and behavior was necessary, especially to middle menage families who aspire for social equality through the American dream of typically owning a house, driving a car, and buying enough goods. Adding to this set-up is the industrial development which allowed grocery store chains like A & P to dominate and offer packaged consumer goods around the country. It is this typical middle-class setting in the 1960s which establishes the versed conflict of a young man against his society. In the story, the ultimate act of Sammy to quit his job represents non-conformity to a social structure that is based on com moditization of goods and perpetuation of conservative values. In Sammys words, the setting of the story points to an area right in the middle of town where you can see two banks and the Congregational church building and the newspaper store and three real-estate offices. This description tells us about the narrators location in the central part of a consumerist society where a grocery store lies in the middle of the financial, spiritual, informational, and airplane propeller structures. In the story, A & P is the focal area where packaged goods are made available for the breathing in of every Americans. In grocery stores, all products are homogenized in order to meet the real(a) demands of every consumer. As such, Sammy becomes part of this materialistic environment which deals with people purchasing goods and individuals finding meaning on things. Because of this, it is no surprise that the narrator himself is inclined to also objectify the things and people around him. At firs t, he describes the empty store as a pinball machine and searches for the girls show up, as if to find the objects of his attraction. Meanwhile, he labels other customers as sheep and describes a girls rear as a can which factor that he compares people to things and animals. In Sammys eyes, people lose their humanity once they enter the bourne of A & P. He sees the girls inside as mere sex objects, viewing them in the same bureau as customers choose their products. He judges the girls

Nucor case Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nucor case - Term Paper ExampleWith improving economies growth is anticipate to boost desire for many to purchase the overlap in the medium term.Steel producers and mini-mill companies are placed in the midst of a very competitive environment in both domestic and worldwide scale, which adversely affects their profitability. This argument among stainmakers is to capture a significant portion of the firebrand market in timid of the fact that, the global supply of steel far exceeds the demand for steel products (Thompson 207). The first competitive military postures impacting steelmakers is the force to drive down the profitability of steel industry, steelmakers are primarily affected by the abundant steel supply versus demand, which depresses the market price of steel as a commodity.Competition among steelmakers is to lower product prices in order to capture a significant portion of potential customers. Secondly steel producers are adversely impacted by the entry of foreign pl ayers into the domestic steel market that are able to return of lower labor costs in the country. The influx of cheap imports from foreign steelmakers stiffens the existing price competition among rival steel producers hence lowering prices of steel imports dragging down steel market prices. Lastly, steel producers are more vulnerable to the increasing cost of raw materials. This rising cost of materials has led to extend in the cost of production making it difficult for them to be price competitive. The difficult in product differentiation in the steel commodity market makes it necessary for min-mills to be able to compete with their rivals base on price, that is pricing and market niche (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson 33).The driving forces in the steel industry the technology growth which is a change in the steel making technology has revolutionized the worlds steel industry. The use up of COREX technology in the production of steel has increased profit and its environmental

To what extent today's business broke through limits of ethics and Essay

To what extent todays credit line broke through limits of ethics and respect towards others - Essay ExampleThis comes with the augmentation of the need for go through as a major clotheiture plus and factor, creating a worldwide land market. Globalization and liberalization of land asset rights and subsequent promotion of foreign investments in the Tanzanian dispensation offer fertile background and chance to the contemporary land acquisition deals. Moreover, the rapid hiking of such investments triggered a huge debate in their eventual impacts in Tanzania. Since it is greatly affirmed that agriculture in developing nations is in need of exploitation and investment, there exists a controversy in the ethics of foreign involvement in acquiring these lands. Supporters argue that the acquisition and investment results into new income generating opportunities, advanced technology and infrastructural advancements in the rural areas firearm the critics claim evidence of rights violati ons, nutriment danger and degradation of natural resources on land (Mteti). Introduction This report succinctly generates an assessment of valid information regarding the acquisition of land by transnational affiliation from foreign countries. Additionally, it espouses on various cases relating to the same while questioning whether such cases reflect positive or negative ethics by both parties. Is it the Tanzanian government that does not have statutes and stipulations in place or is it the people that do not acquire economic and social transformations? The other question would be whether the foreign investors reasonably acquire the rude land and whether they distribute the benefits to Tanzania fairly. In addition, this report expounds on the merits and demerits associated with the practice, the ethical perspectives applied in their evaluation and eventually recommendations for the Tanzanian government and people in embracing and establishing a mutual and fair relationship with t he foreign investors that doubtlessly contribute to national and world(a) economy. Findings Driving Factors to Foreign Land Acquisition After a tote up of decades of low investment in the agricultural and fuel sector in the Tanzanian dispensation and other nations, the geological era of the late 20s witnessed a hike in foreign direct investment in fundamental agricultural production. The reasons behind this surge are complicated and diverse but the critical drivers can be connected to the immense increase in commodity prices in the period of up to 2008 and the knowledge that demand for fixed natural resources is normally set to augment significantly in the oncoming decades (Larsen). Moreover, the increase in food and fuel prices mandated nations that immensely rely on imported food and fuel to invest in the other countries where land among other resources are plentiful with an aim to secure supply. This obviously is one of the factors that foreign affiliations resorted to invest in Tanzania. In addition, the need for sustainable energy solutions is another strong driving factor that pushed into an increase large-scale investment in Tanzanias land sector majorly by foreign investors. In Tanzania and Africa generally, global concerns have risen to attention by large scale land acquisitions and foreign direct

Terrorism and Its Indirect Victims Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Terrorism and Its Indirect Victims - Essay ExampleOf course, we cant forget the many police, firefighters, and other(a) great deal on the streets who were buried in rubble or hit with falling bricks or other types of debris. altogether of these describe the direct victims argon a terrorist attack, those who were killed or maimed. In the bombing of the okeh City national Building, we find many direct victims as healthy, though these numbers were nowhere near the thousands who lost their lives when the 2 planes crashed into the public Trade Center Twin Towers. It is non difficult to understand and visualize these victims and what the direct center was on them from these attacks. These argon the direct victims those who suffered death or severe injury from a terrorist attack.On the other end of the scope, there are the mediate victims. Who or what are these indirect victims The first one that comes to psyche for anyone is the families of the direct victims wives, children, pa rents, other relatives, and friends. These are the ones who suffer, being without a loved one on which they depended either emotionally or financially. Additionally, according to a review published October 4, 2001 by InView (http//www.newss.ksu.edu/WEB/News/InView/100401terrorism.html), the psychological do of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center will last for quite a long time. in that respect will be a lot of people who will suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder. We saw it with the Oklahoma City bombing and those who were in Vietnam, Rappoport said. Some people will not recover too well and the emotional damage will be permanent (Paragraph 5).The indirect effects of terrorism can much be worse than the direct effects, The victim, if he or she survives, recovers from the physical injuries, but the emotional damage, a indirect result of the attack, is likely to continue for many years. For those victims who have lost their lives, as the many during the attacks on the World Trade Center, the psychological damage to their loved ones will continue for many years to come. The loved ones are going to have to continue without the presence of the person who was directly affected by the terrorist attack, and that is going to be a difficult task to accomplish. For the wives and children, the effects will be more long term because suddenly one woman must become both mother and father when her psychological well-being is not at its highest peak. The hardest part is that its not going to go away like it does during an auto accident these are events the family and children will face on a daily basis. It is likely that both the Oklahoma City Bombings and the attacks on the World Trade Center are events that later generations will be reading in their brotherly Studies and History classes. What about the terrorists Can we classify them as victims as well Certainly, they are responsible for a horrendous act of violence, but at the same time, it may not alw ays be of their bear free will. An article from the April 2005 ChronWatch and published on the Internet (http//www.newss.ksu.edu/WEB/News/InView/100401terrorism.html, Why Good Muslims fix Terrorists) explains the effect that a belief in Islam has on its people. These excerpts from the original article written by Ali Sina explains that it is not the Muslims

Legislation, Health and Safety and Regulations Essay

Legislation, Health and Safety and Regulations - Essay ExampleIn every organization, it is important that Health and jeopardy mitigation procedures follow a recursive procedure as shown in the figure below as this volition ensure that necessary actions are taken to prevent and control the occurrence of accidents in the workplace. foretell 1 Health and safety in the workplace Source http//www.snh.org.uk/uplandpathmanagement/img/imagex11.gif telecommunication data centre has had the akin H&S procedures for the work 10 geezerhood. As the freshly H&S manager, I specialise come up with new procedures that w pale be beneficial to both the company and the workforce. This report will be passed on to the managing director for consideration. It will consider proposed alteration in two areas Risk discernment and health and safety policies, which will be both beneficial to the company and the work force. First aid, accidents and ill health risk appraisal, in addition to, health and sa fety policies, are two of the main areas that quest to be reviewed, which will be both beneficial to the company and the work force. Policies never been renewed for the last ten years and therefore they have become obsolete. Their renewal will help shed virtually light to the board of directors on personal protective equipment, staff training and consultation, in terms of health and safety policies for both employees and the company. ... Therefore, the employers should make sure that their products are safe as well as endures study on safety precautions to be adhered to while using the products. However, the employees should take precautions for their safety. Telecom data centre has non renewed its first aid, accidents and ill health risk assessment, and health and safety policies for the last ten years and therefore, as the new manager of the company, I would recommend some of new procedures and indicate why and how the new procedures are more beneficial to the company and the workforce. Risk assessment The UK Health and Safety legislation all the way sets out duties of employers and other members of public as well as employees to themselves and each other. In other words, an employee is ask to take precautions in order to reduce or avoid risks in the workplace. All employees should take witness at the risks and take sensible measures on them. Risk assessment should therefore, be straightforward in workplace. The Telecom data centre risk assessment policies are complicated and only deals with serious hazards. Both the employers and employees in the company have a tendency of not recording their significant findings on any risk assessments. Telecom data centre should therefore, assess all the risk in their work place and issue training to their employees. This is because, recently, the company has neglected this issue and no training programs are available for employees to learn approximately risks as well as prevent themselves. The UK law requires t hat employers should carry out a risk assessment in order to set up any emergency procedures as well as provide clear training and information to

Hypothesis and Research Question Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hypothesis and search Question - Case Study ExampleFor this paper, I expect that more is uncovered to understand the benefits, the consequences, and approximately importantly, the challenges of this new addictive technological way of communicating.It is interesting to note that even though the young propagation in particular tends to enjoy most the benefits of Facebook and twitter, the literature review has focused on the dangers of being prone to social media. This has resulted in online social networking and demands increased accountability and regulation of providers of the two major sites. Early reviews or studies suggested that online communication had negative effects on the user by reducing face-to-face contact and change magnitude the level of loneliness. More recent study shows that social media addiction leads to a new generation with egocentric-based memory access to life, overdependence, and the addiction only acts to compound these eventualities (Zemmels, 15).Throu gh the use of the Survey mode and contentedness analysis method of research, I predict that a huge percentage of facebook and Twitter addicts tend to spend less than an moment on the sites daily. The most exciting part is what the media addicts do to stay online though they could have had bad experiences. However, such(prenominal) experiences ar managed through means such as blocking the disturbing person from contacting, indicating that such experiences addle them to consider mechanisms to avoid the bad experiences in future in order to continue with the same profession on the sites.Content analysis It entails a mixture of quantitative and qualitative research methods that focus on messages, making it able for users to quantify information by use of frequency counts and percentages. Any kind of content can be analyzed, including focus groups, television programming, interviews, editorials, and news releases.The population that would be used for the research are generally soci al media users who increasingly use Facebook and

The Roles of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility in Essay

The Roles of Strategic bodied Social Responsibility in Multinational Companies - Essay Exampleggests that the economical functions must be exercised with a sensitive awareness of changing social values and priorities and the outer circle outlines newly emerging and unflustered vague responsibilities that corporations should assume to become more actively involved in improving the social environment in which they operate (Shalhoub, 1999, p. 13).Theorists direct identified four broad areas of strategic corporate responsibility that a MNC adopts, economic, legal, moral, and social. The main premise of the four areas is found in the basic nature of the corporation, which is a privately based, economic entity whose members are expected to make decisions that possesses a substantial impact on a number of constituents (Brummer, 1991). subsequently MNCs realize that a corporation has not always all four responsibilities.When it came to the adoption of SCSR, global MNCs failed to oppos e effectively to the significant issues of their countries (Logsdon & Wood, 2005). It would not be wrong to say that multinational companies (MNCs) while responding to concerns like downsize and environmental degradation took initiatives to demonstrate their social responsibility (Edwards et al, Feb 2007). This way the MNCs actually adopted SCSR to reduce their manpower through either voluntary or involuntary means or a combination of both. In other words, MNCs in order to defend themselves tend to adopt SCSR but with some concerns of which the most significant is the corporate downsizing in privately and publicly owned firms in recent years.The notion that MNCs have failed to adopt SCSR is depicted from some well-known examples. MNCs failure could be analysed by those protests and consumer boycotts that Nestle has experienced latterly in selling its various products in Africa (Husted & Allen, 2006). Same is the case Nike has experienced as a number of child labour abuse in outs ourcing in Asia. The global MNCs are unable to consider the fount of their failure which refers to those corporate

Asset Bubbles Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Asset Bubbles - Assignment ExampleAsset price movements that are not related to economic fundamentals result in the occurrence of asset bubbles.The role of g all overnment in the economy encompasses both protection and intervention. Conservative politics are relatively resistant to change, but they do not overlook the role that government plays in the regulation and control of economic activities (Evanoff, Kaufman & Malliaris, 2012). The occurrence of asset bubbles and related scenarios in the economy trigger critical decision making pursuits among involved stakeholders. The fact is such(prenominal) occurrences distort economic performance, leading to the realization of variant hardships in the many sectors of the economy. In this respect, the government stands a chance to manage the situation through protection and intervention. This means that the government should remain vigilant over sectorial animal spirits in order to protect the economy and safeguard public interests, as well as take relevant actions in the event that such animal spirits bursts (Evanoff, Kaufman & Malliaris, 2012). The predilection is to create coherence among economic variables for enhanced economic

The Role of a CIO (Chief Information Officer) Essay

The Role of a CIO (Chief Information Officer) - Essay ExampleHowever, he is considered to be a key player in the CEOs panel. According to Tim Arnoult the predecessors to todays CIO was the Senior Vice-President of Data Processing. The role was to raise transactions to customer accounts and run daily financial statements for the bank. Today, every core process in the attach to is enabled with applied science and the strategic focus is on the use of randomness to improve customer satisfaction and to throw out competitive expediency. Twenty-five years ago, technology consisted of mainframes in the back-office today the customer and the bank have got the advantage of interacting directly with each other through technology.1The accomplishment of the efforts put forth by the CIO extremely depends upon the technological developments in the following six sectors namely information systems, system infrastructure, business systems, human resources, technology and relations. A competent CIO works by executing modified measures in the above-mentioned spheres in range to boost the IT operations being carried out in the respective company.The following paper is aimed at analyse the roles of CIO in diversified fields, ranging from the discipline of learning to the administration sectors keeping in view, the challenging past of the CIOs and the prospects for them in the coming years.CIOs are the administrative executives whose primary task is to look after the services related to the information systems department. Integrating business stratagems into the technology sector of the firm is one of their primary objectives. Furthermore, they are also associated with the tasks of meliorate the organizations Internet and web projects and assist the CEO in attaining the targets aimed by the company by streamlining the business processes and the underlie features for IT operations. Above all, CIOs are the gurus, the symbols and the architects framing the global economy.Bus iness Environments Affect the Role of A CIOVarying environments have a remarked impact on the roles being served by a CIO. Following are some of the milieus that could be experienced by any CIO working at any level in an organization.The first and the initial one being the Startup IT milieu in which the major responsibility of a CIO is to lay the terra firma for the IT infrastructure and incorporate it with the business-specific implementations. In this environment, it is the task for a competent CIO to work out ways for the blowup of business units.Next one being the High-tech business environment requires the CIO to indulge himself in the exploration of new scientific and technological discoveries and inventions in the fields of sales and marketing. He should work for the improvements of systems, for instance, emailing, VoIP businesses, video conferencing, etceteraThe third environ is said to be the Bricks and Mortar environment, during which an extensive stress is being laid u pon customary business methodologies. It can be categorized into setting up the IT infrastructures in health-care or governmental departments.The fourthly and the most significant one is the Internet environment. The situation under discussion affects the CIO to a great close and the CIOs of the current scenario are also the dwellers in the same environment.

Pre Calculus Mod 5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pre Calculus innovative 5 - Assignment Examplef(X) =ex3 f (x) = 3x2 ex3 d. f(X) =2X2 e (1-X2) r (x) = 2x2, r (x) = 4x s(x) = e (1-X2) s (x) = -2 e (1-X2) Applying product rule, f (x) = 2X2-2 e (1-X2) + 4x e (1-X2) = -8x2 e (1-X2) + 4x e (1-X2) = (4x -8x2) e (1-X2) e. f(X) =5X e (12-2x) let r(x) = 5x, r (x) = 5 and s(x) = e (12-2x), s (x) = -2 e (12-2x) f (x) = 5x (-2 e (12-2x)) + 5 e (12-2x) f (x) = -10x e (12-2x) + 5 e (12-2x) = (-10 + 5) e (12-2x) f. f(X) =100e(x8 + x4) f (x) = 8x7 + 4x3e(x8 + x4) g. f(X) = e (200X-X2 + x100) f (x) = 200 2x + 100x99 e (200X-X2 + x100) 2. uprise the differentials for the following shares a. f(X) = ln250X b. f(X) = ln (20X-20) c. f(X) = ln (1- X2) d. f(X) = ln (5X + X-1) e. f(X) = Xln (12- 2X) f. f(X) = 2Xln(X3 + X4) g. f(X) = ln (200X - X2 + X100) Solutions The first derivative of the function y = ln x is obtained by d/dx (ln x) = 1/x. d/dx logex = 1/x, suppose y = ln x, then dy/dx = 1/x a. f(X) = ln250X log ab = log a + log b Therefore, the e quation can be rewritten as f (x) = ln 250 + ln x d/dx ln 250 = 0 (derivative of a constant) d/dx (ln x) = 1/x Hence dy/dx = 1/x. b. f(X) = ln(20X-20) If y = ln u and u is some function of x, then dy/dx = u/u If y = ln f(x), then dy/dx = f (x)/ f(x) Let u = 20x 20 u = 20 dy/dx = 1. u/u = 20/(20x 20) c. f(X) = ln (1- X2) Let u = (1- X2) Then u = -2x dy/dx = 1. ... ln (12-2x) f (x) = 2x/ (12 2x) + ln (12-2x). f. f(X) = 2X ln(X3 + X4) Let r(x) = 2x, therefore, r (x) = 2 Similarly, if s(x) = ln (X3 + X4), s(x) = (3x2 + 4x3)/ (X3 + X4) Therefore, f (x) = 2x ((3x2 + 4x3)/ (X3 + X4)) + 2 ln (X3 + X4) g. f(X) = ln(200X - X2 + X100) u = ln (200X - X2 + X100) u = 200 -2x + 100x99 f (x) = dy/dx = u/u = 200 -2x + 100x99/ (200X - X2 + X100) 3. Find the indefinite integrals for the following functions a. f(X) = e6X = ? e6X dx = 1/6e6X + C b. f(X) = e (5X-5) = 5/2 x2-5x e (5X-5) c. f(X) = 5eX = ? 5eX dx = 5 ? eX dx = 5eX + C d. f(X) = 1/ (1 + X) = ln ?1 + x? + C e. f(X) = 5/X = 5 integral 1 /x dx = 5 ln ?x?+ C 4. Find the definite integrals for the following functions a. f(X) = e2X over the detachment 2, 4 =Integral 42 e2x dx = 1/2 e2 ( 4) + C - 1/2 e2 ( 2 ) + C = 1/2 e8 - e4 b. f(X) = 2eX over the interval 0, 2 =Integral 20 2eX dx = e2 + C - e0 + C = e2 e0 d. f(X) = 2/ (2 + X) over the interval 2, 5 Let u = 2 + x, when x = 2, u = 2 + 2 = 4 and when x = 5, u = 2 + 5 = 7 = ln ?2 + x? 52 = ln (7) ln (2) e. f(X) = 10/X over the interval 3, 10 =dx = 10 integral 10 / x dx = 10 ln x + C, so Integral103 10/ x dx = 10 ln 10 + C - 10 ln 3 + C = 10 ln 10 10 ln3 = 10 ln10 ln 3 Part2 Application of Calculus in Business Decision-Making Calculus is extensively used in making work decisions, which are critical for the success and survival of every business enterprise. Derivatives have wide applications in the business world. Derivatives are used to measure rate of change of a function in relation to the changes in variables (inputs) under focus. At some given value of an input, the derivative tells us the linear estimate of the function, which is close to

Review of the N314D Point Mutation on the GALT Gene and its Term Paper

Review of the N314D testify Mutation on the GALT Gene and its Relationship to Galactosemia Type I - Term Paper ExampleThe UDP- galactose, put in in the liver and erythrocytes, is required for the major cell functions like chemical signaling, building cellular structures, transporting molecules and producing energy. Since, galactose-1-phosphate is nephrotoxic to the parenchymal cells present prominently in liver, kidney and brain, accumulation of it in those organs leads to severe damage to them.According to Fleisher (2012), this unsoundness severely attacks 20% of the patients at the infant stage itself, and so Galactosemia type I is screened when an individual is noneffervescent in their infancy. The procedure, which utilizes dried blood on filter paper, screens for galactosemia by performing analysis on the nub galactose (galactose and galactose-1-phosphate), as headspring as the activity of the GALT enzyme itself. While effective, false dogmatics frequently occur collecti ble to environgenial factors and the high frequency of the Duarte-D2 mutation (N314D). (Carney et al., 2009). Environmental factors such as heat and humidity, as well as sample handling procedures, may affect the GALT assay providing for low activity and false positive results. The variation in the results may be even due to the sample handling procedures. Infants die at bottom a few days on exposure to milk, as lactose sugar present in the milk gets converted into galactose and this galactose accumulates in the infants. The accumulation of galactose-1-phosphate may lead to cirrhosis, cataract and severe mental retardation. Infants with this disease will have hemolysis, albuminaria and elevated clotting times, with hepatomegaly being the common cause. (Fleisher, 2012). If undiagnosed, or left field untreated, the mortality rate in infants is nearly 75% (Elsas et al., 1994). Additionally, even with a properly controlled, galactose-free diet, adults with galactosemia typically make symptoms as they grow older, some of these symptoms include learning

Voluntary Assumption Of Tort Liability In English Law Case Study

Voluntary Assumption Of Tort Liability In English Law - Case Study ExamplePolicy considerations played a large role in restricting employee claims, in the interests of economic and manufacturing growth, as well as the principle of contributory negligence and carmine non fit injuria. More recently, the law in this area has developed into a complex system ground on the obvious potential problems created by broadening or narrowing too far the limits of the law. The courts hurt recognized that a single, simple test to determine psychiatric malign is not sufficient, for reasons that concern twain its potentially uncontrollable nature, and political and moral parameters imposed by the structure of western open-market societies on the profound system.2 In order to fully understand exactly what principles and tests the courts adopt, one must examine the relevant case law. The law in this area is vaguely split into a) the psychological or physical harm actually occurring to the employe e, and b) the physical harm occurring to a third party, witnessed by the employee.In cases, where the harm directly occurred to the employee, the primal test is one of foreseeability if it can be proven that physical or psychiatric injury was moderately foreseeable, compensation for psychiatric harm is possible.3 Where an employee suffered a nervous breakdown at work, the courts indeed asked whether the breakdown was clean foreseeable, actual or probable physical harm was not relevant or necessary.4 Rose J confirms this, stating the employer whose system of work negligently induces psychiatric injury without any physical injuryis just as liable as one who causes physical injury.5 Yet does the concept not appear a little simplistic? The issues surrounding the decision in Walker have the potential to open some(prenominal) difficulties different jobs involve different levels of stress and risk, whilst individuals react differently to stress depending on their vulnerability.

The pedagogic theories as for the basic essence of achieving Research Paper

The pedagogical theories as for the basic essence of achieving sustainability of education - Research Paper ExamplePedagogy is the professional and preceding(prenominal) mode of delivering teaching to educators and through proper instructions. There atomic number 18 several theories concerning the interpretation of pedagogy in educative circles. Various theorists take up detailed cohesive reports on the efficiency of pedagogies in attaining the overall canon of ensuring successful teaching practices. Some of the included theorists are Paulo Freire, Peter McLaren, Joseph Jacotot and Benjamin Bloom, among others. Some of the methods to be discussed are effective in teaching students and the gaining of new knowledge. However, some of them are not ordinary teaching methods and they take different strategies to enhance learning. There has been a confrontational relation between trope and pedagogy. ii categories of look-alike enhance the affiliation zero-paradigm and critical parad igm. Basically, the zero paradigm describes conventional teaching approaches while critical paradigm describes the sanctioning loom to pedagogy. These paradigms are important in the learning process, but the critical paradigm is the notice paradigm. This is because it empowers education to learners. Therefore, pedagogical theories work at empowering the literacy level of learners through the wait onance of the educators, formal and informal. They have alike presented dominant cultures of education and also encompass initiatives of promoting learning technologies in support of pedagogy. This paper discusses four theories to assist in explanation and approval of these facts.... There has been a confrontational relation between paradigm and pedagogy. Two categories of paradigm enhance the affiliation zero-paradigm and critical paradigm. The zero describes conventional teaching approaches while critical describes the sanctioning loom to pedagogy. The critical paradigm is the key para digm in empowering education to learners. Informed by educators such as Dewey and Freire, the critical paradigm recognizes participation as a necessary condition for empowering education (Mulcahy, 2010, p 60). Some of the theories discussed below will assist in developing personal pedagogic creed. I have engaged in making my own pedagogy creed that invokes the ideas of some theorists, whose contributing information describes my luxurious creed as discussed below. Theory 1 Paulo discusses his theory of Pedagogy of the Oppressed addressing contagious issues to learners a poor deprived of freedom. It follows the Marxist theoretic analysis of education. The oppressed in this context are psychologically or mentally suppressed. They include individuals physically challenged or in good physique condition but undermined a specific aspect of their life. The theory discusses the psychological point of view of the oppressed learners. He asserts that the theory contains dickens phases. The oppressed through their practices reveal out the world they survive in as brought out in the first stage of transformation. The second stage changes the pedagogy of the oppressed to pedagogy of all men. This process liberates the permanence of the pedagogy. Dominance of culture is the most reflected action being confronted by the said pedagogy of the oppressed.

Developing and Managing the Enterprise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Developing and Managing the Enterprise - Essay ExampleFalling inwardly the domain of entrepreneurship, small businesses need to have a good financial intent prepared in order to streamline the resources required to start a new business. For this purpose, a good financial plan is the crucial document which needs to be prepared wisely and as far as accurately in order to suss out that those who express their interest to finance the business must have a very clear idea of the resources required to successfully start the new business.This financial plan is creation prepared for a small cookie manufacturing business involved in preparing and selling the same to a large chain store through its various stores located all across the state. Before attempting to depict the financial plan, it is very important that the financial plan must outline some of the assumptions which would be interpreted into account while preparing the financial plan so that all the calculations made are justifie d.Our proposed business is way out to work in retail industry. Though the industry for cookies exclusively has not yet developed even since most of the time they are being sold mostly through the retail stores therefore on broader terms, this product belong to retail industry.The recent trends in this business suggest that there is a increment trend in consumers shopping at the retail chain stores. Since these chain stores develop their own mark off names as well as customer loyalty therefore the businesses which sale their products to these chain stores as well get the exposures to their brands.On the whole industry is very lucrative, have good margins however there is a growing stress being placed on follow reductions as large chain stores ilk Wal Mart tend to buy at low prices therefore virtually forcing the suppliers to remain within their cost limits. This fact can alone dictate that in future, due to cost reductions, the margins for this business may augment and effici encies gained.Customer AnalysisCustomers in this sort of business tend to develop their tastes on some fact brands and they prefer to buy their own brands. Therefore a good customer analysis is very incumbent for the success of the business. (www. market placewise.net, 2008)There are various brands available in the market for cookies and each have their own market share however what is important to understand is the fact that most of the transactions are done in cash ensuring that the business have enough liquidity available in their business. This not only ensure that business has its funds but also help the business to have less reliance on the external funds.Further, it is of very important,

Two Dimensional Materials, Tools And Processes Essay Example for Free

Two Dimensional Materials, Tools And Processes Essay ledger entryArtists throughout the centuries have utilized medium and formulated its distinction to chooseher with themselves. Understanding a make water of art does not plainly rely on the history, the artist and the purpose or them, sometimes thither is more to it that people fail to analyze. Some people disregard the materials and goes utilized in order to get hold of a specific artwork. Indeed there is more to materials than just things or medium officed in order to accomplish art. The following will showcase two sample master human races that display meaning with the table service of the materials, processes and other tools. Prophet by Emile Nolde (p. 217)Essentially, the heart of this piece revolves around the material conveyed and the message that it displays. Nolde used woodcutting that subject a more recognizable transaction of emotion as seen in the piece. Woodcutting is a relief process that make believes a diverse form of line control due to the effect of the ink being pushed rectify the areas and wiped from its surface.It enhances the lines even more and produces a more deeper representation of texture. As seen in the Prophet, Nolde takes advantage of woodcuts to get a more expressed feeling of emotion in the face of the main element of the piece. The championship and the piece correlates easy with each other but the over-all effect wont be possible without Noldes use of woodcuts. In order for him to portray the more expressed feelings of spirituality and deep emotion, he needed to create lines and texture that arouse viewers.Most works that utilized this kind of medium showcases deeper effects in the feeling of emotions. The lines of these works show more feelings and the overall presence compels viewers. The boldness in the effect seen in the piece creates a critical dependency on the material and the process incorporated to accomplish the work. Clearly, the masterpiece showcas es a typical German Expressionist message.The jagged lines, the dented areas and the woods textured grain efficiently collaborates well with the main message being carried out from this faithful mans face. The Prophet is clearly one of the works that displays a definitive importance when it comes to materials and how it was processed just to be accomplished. Emile Nolde relied on a more deeper expression and a bolder portrayal of his message in the piece. He achieved it by incorporating woodcutting as the means. Clearly, if he used a different medium, the effect wont be as greater than this.Hurricane Over Horsemen and Trees by Leonardo Da Vinci (p. 195)In this masterpiece, Leonardo used pen and ink over black chalk with wash on canescent washed base. He skilfully made use of the effect of pen and ink on a grey washed paper that led to an assisting effect with regards to the subject of the work, which tangles with nature. His utilization of his great imagination is displayed along with the effect of the power of nature. This wont be realized without his expert choice of medium.Creating that natural occurrence effect shows a more descriptive form of representation. There is definitely a mythical touch to it as seen in the elements composing the work. Deeper understanding of why that material and medium is used can be reason in such different ways, but as a viewer, there is such importance to its fiber that it dictates the whole effect of the artwork. Without his use of Pen, the lines wont be as fine as it looks like and the account effects wont be as effective as it looks. The use of grey washed paper highlights the floating effect of the elements which in turn reflects a much stronger expression as seen in the textures and shadows. decisionSuch is the importance of materials, tools and processes on artwork that it assists on a major scale. Its critical role emphasizes specialty and suggests a deeper representation or understanding regarding the masterpiece itself.REFERENCESSayre, H. (2006). A World of Art. New York Prentice Hall.http//www.wsu.edu/delahoyd/twentieth/expressionism.htmlhttp//www.universalleonardo.org/trail.php?trail=198work=354https//courses.worldcampus.psu.edu/art001su08/course/lesson09/print.html

Home School Essay Example for Free

Home School EssayIt has come to the attention of umpteen that the debate over central office schoolhouseing has been aspireting more than brutal each and every day. Below is reassurance on why the maturate should offer this marvelous opportunity to these students. Every student is different, each has its own learning curves some more then others. I am for rest stand school because students can be overwhelmed by the large core of work, students can get off task well in traditional school, and if a student is home schooled, the student is the sum of money of attention. When students go to traditional school, there are a fix of other students. existence with so many other students can be overwhelming for some, not all. For the students that it is too overwhelming for, why shouldnt those students get an equal opportunity to do there best in school? If it is school were talking, then throw in the conversation of life as well. Without good schooling, students will be inef fective to get into a good college, without college, well it is kind of sad for the rest of their lives. As the Board of information you want students to succeed in school, and in life, well then tell people to stop act to slow down there education and the process in which students and parents educate.A positive in cosmos home schooled is not getting off task. If the students do not have a large sum of distraction, then the want for distraction will be eliminated. Students get off task very easily (Trust me). An example of an off task student is a student talking to another student, thus farthermost not hearing the teachers instructions. By keeping them on task then that is a great representation to destroy a learning curve or learning curves.Another positive in home school is, the student is the center of attention In any traditional school, there is a lot of students that do not understand or get the concept of a focus of study. Teachers have many students and may not always be available to make the focus of study more piss to the student. Home school guarantees the idea of a student never being left behind. What is the point of putt a student through school and the student only grasps bits and pieces, when the student could understand it all and plausibly even learn more then the average student in traditional school.To conclude this essay, enthral remember that home schooling is a great opportunity. Students are different and need special attention. I am for home school because students can be overwhelmed by the large amount of work, students can get off task easily in traditional school, and if a student is home schooled, the student is the center of attention. If the student can afford and have the means to do so, let home schooling conk

Murder Mystery story Essay Example for Free

Murder closed book story EssayThis is also securing the readers perspective on Sherlock Holmes. All through the specked ringing Sherlock Holmes displays his distinct faculty to decipher the exact meaning of a situation. At the same quantify that Holmes is doing this, the reader becomes more and more confused ab egress the situation in hand. This is where Conan Doyles first person account becomes crucial to the story. He uses Dr. Watson as a translator of Holmes genius. Watson helps the readers understand exactly whats going on and, in a manner, puts their minds at ease. This is typical of Arthur Conan Doyle. He constrains a psychological battle in the minds of the reader.He uses Holmes to create a trouble with interpretation of sequences past and to come and then simplifies it through Watson. This is what makes all Conan Doyles stories so fantabulous for the reader. Conan Doyle uses Holmes to build up suspense with a possible flaw in Holmes brilliance when he decl ars t hat the committer of the nuisance is more cunning than himself. This is essential to the story. Holmes has been portrayed as the best detective in England up to this top dog and now he himself declares that he has been defeated. This creates extreme suspense for the reader. Also among Holmes abilities is his ability to disguise himself.He makes himself egress to be a person with distinct business at the Roylott estate. This fellow should think that we had come as architects or on some definite business. This adds to Holmes list of excellencies. He is now toying with the mind of the villain in order to accomplish he task he has been set. The unexpected ending. By the end of the Speckled band Doyle has created such suspense and confusion in the minds of the readers that they are waiting in dire foretaste to find out how it will end. The Speckled Band is, in fact, a poisonous snake inseparable to India, the living place of Dr. Roylott for several years.Roylott used the snake to make its way through the ventilation and into the chamber of Miss Stoner and poison her. No matter how intelligent the reader they would not have the ability to predict this ending. This is a spotless ending because it surprises the reader and although the identity of the villain was obvious all the way through the story, it was never clear how he would have murdered his stepdaughter. This is again excellent writing by Conan Doyle. He builds up tension by repeating the events of the past death of Julia Stoner when Holmes re-enacts the sequences of that fateful nighttime with Helen Stoner as a trap for Dr.Roylott. Arthur Conan Doyle uses vast tomography and description to keep the reader glued. It is with this imagery that he creates the tension and creates a sense of tragedy in the mind of the reader. The word black is tell several times, and this gives a feeling of doom and imbalance. This, paired with nocturnal, silence, darkness and all the other words of dismal imagery cre ates more tension for the reader. It all builds up and gives the reader an incentive to carry on, to find out what will occur in the next sequence.All the way through there is a dismal atmosphere and this only pushes the story further into the classic murder mystery genre. Everything down to he view and especially the buildings create a tense atmosphere. Conan Doyle wants to put a picture into the mind of the reader, such that they merchantman almost see exactly they are reading about. Grey, lichen-blotched stone windows broken picture of ruin. All these are distinct factors of a house that can be picture in an infinite number of contrastive ways for each individual reader.As this essay concludes the Speckled Band by sir Arthur Conan Doyle is a classic murder mystery story. All the criteria in the second paragraph have been fulfilled. There can be no argument that Sherlock Holmes is the greatest fictional detective in the whole of English literary productions and Arthur Conan Doyle is, without doubt, the most memorable writer of classic Murder Mystery stories up to the present day. Show prevue only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of umteen that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

Art Gallery Essay Example for Free

Art Gallery canvasIn completion of this assignment the art gallery that I chose to visit was Mark Gallery in Englewood naked as a jaybird Jersey. When you walk up to the establishment there are floor to ceiling glass windows that appropriate you to see everything in incline. Facing the gallery there were so many another(prenominal) colors that enticed you to enter. The arrangements and art work was disjointed out nicely not causing clutter. This allowed you to individually take in each piece on by itself. All of the pieces were very nice but the artist that caught my attention was Mr. Mark Oberndorf.Oberndorf was born in New York but is currently residing in Bergren County New Jersey. He is a contemporary realist painter. Since the age of 10 he has been interested in the visual arts. At an early age nearly of his beginning working were illustrating his school yearbook to painting murals on his elementary school building. From 1995 to present Oberndorf has had art in vari ous(a) group and solo exhibitions and galleries. Currently his work is currently represented by Mark Gallery of Englewood New Jersey and Westwood Gallery in Westwood New Jersey.I found several of his pieces interesting because they were so basic. not meaning they did not have levels or dimensions but they put me in the mind of simpler times and relatable memories. His pieces viewing three dimensional effects on a two dimensional surface with natural luminance effects. All painting are created with oil on linen canvass. Such pieces as the Wyckoff Train mail, Dairy tabby and turgidness all represent the Bergren County area and parts of New York prior to the gentrification phase. Gas depicts an old two pump station as you would see it in the 1970s.The piece of the Dairy Queen shows the classic franchise that was shaped somewhat of a barn prior to the new modernized get wind you may see today. I can remember as a kid having one of these in our neighborhood. We frequently visited i t for a Sunday cone after attending church. I could not wait to bear out in line for my soft serve on a cone. Lastly the Wyckoff Train Station is rightfully a classic single standing building not so big on the side of the tracks. Much dated compared to the enormous train stations and subway stations you see in the big cities such as New York.Through viewing these pieces I would think this is his way of holding on to a piece of history, before all common landmarks that held tradition and memories were torn down. Prior to gentrification in many of our communities there were several sites or establishments that were a common thread to our community. Be it the mom and pop remembering on the corner to the old fashioned ice cream stand. Gentrification has erased these things with more modernized establishments that help to impart economic wealth for some but forces others out of the neighborhoods and communities that they have been a part of for quite some time.

Social Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Social Philosophy EssayIntroductionAs more(prenominal) and more cities, counties, states, and counties ban smoking in public places, place high taxes on cigargonttes, and otherwise enact anti-smoking laws, clashes among the rights of one group of people and the rights of a nonher are inevitable. If this convention were the basis for deciding public policy, which manufacturing plant advocated as one of its usages, poor boy would fall somewhere in the middle on the smoking/anti-smoking spectrum. Certainly, swots legal injury principle rump be (and has been) used by both sides to support their consume arguments. In the smoking deliberate, the ill-treat principle falls short in determining which of two traumas is lesser, or which of two rights or interests is greater. This is why it is a useful philosophy in debate, but should non be the sole basis for legislation and public policy. washbowl Stuart Mills Harm PrincipleIn On Liberty, seat Stuart Mill argued for a societ y organized around one very simple principle that the sole stop over for which mankind are warranted, idiosyncraticly or collectively, in interfering with the freedom of action of any of their number, is self-protection (15-16). This is referred to as the harm principle, and is considered one of the founding principles of utilitarianism (Wilson 45-48). Utilitarianism is a belief governance which adopts the harm principle, arguing that each somebody has the right is postdate his or her own happiness, as hanker as that pursuit doesnt harm other individual as well pursing their happiness or expediency (Wilson 40-44). This is not quite the same as interfering or impeding an individuals mode to happiness, as Mill points out in chapter V of On Liberty In numerous cases, an individual, in pursuing a legitimate object, necessarily and in that respectfore legitimately causes pain or loss to others, or intercepts a good which they had a reasonable hope of obtaining (106-7).In oth er words, Mill recognized that there was not a utopia where every individual could pursue happiness with no overlap when, for example, two individuals pursue happiness through and through the same, singular person. Mills goal was to create a principle that could shell out as the basis for society, in legislation, and in social standards and customs. In the final chapter he goes into signifi washstandt gunpoint regarding the kinds of situations to which this principle could be applied, specifically how far liberty whitethorn legitimately be invaded for the prevention of crime, or of accident (108). Mill favors the strongest strictures on liberty in the case of children, where he argues for potential parents having to prove their pecuniary fitness in order to squander children at all, and then to provide education for all children (121-122).On issues of crime, he considers government to properly put on a place as a precautionary, administrative face than as a legislative and pun itive one (Mill 128). Throughout the treatise, Mill treads the line between the liberties of individuals and the fealty each individual has to society, seeing individuals as heroes who must consistently fight against the whitewashing of democratic society, warning that If foe waits til life is reduced nearly to one uniform type, all deviations from that type will come to be considered impious, immoral, even monstrous and contrary to spirit (84).How the Harm Principle Relates to Anti-Smoking LawsMill specifically discusses the sale of poisons and taxes on the sale of certain substances deemed to be immoral (109-113). He argues for both the sale and taxation of, for example, alcohol, as cosmos regulation that is not contrary to principle (109). Therefore, we can extrapolate that he would not necessarily be averse to taxes on the sale of cigarettes, sinceIt must be remembered that taxation for fiscal purposes is absolutely inevitable that in most countries it is necessary that a co nsiderable part of that taxation should be indirect that the State, therefore, cannot help shocking penalties, which to some persons may be prohibitory, on the use of some articles of consumption. (114)This is important because it underlines Mills philosophy of harm as it relates to economics. He did not believe that by adding taxation which would put the price of a certain item out of reach for some individuals, that this was harming them in such a way as to impose on their pursuit of happiness and utility. He considered taxation to be most properly levied against what commodities the consumer can best spare (114). Cigarettes and tobacco are certainly considered extras rather than necessities in contemporaneous society, but they necessitate not always been considered as such. So where, at certain points and in certain cultures, cigarettes were considered something of necessity, the taxation of them would have been an encroachment from the State onto an individuals liberty.This c ase problematizes the relationship between Mills harm principle and his theory of democratic societies being slavishly ruled by the majority intellection. We have seen an wide shift in popular opinion regarding the use of tobacco in the United States. What may have been an affront on liberty 50 or 100 years ago (heavy taxation of cigarettes and tobacco products) may be viewed now as simply being necessary to fund our government. If societies are not static entities, and the mores of a single society may shift over even short periods of time, how can we be sure that the currently prevailing opinion is, in fact, the right one? Mill believed that confederation has expended fully as much effort in the attempt to compel people to conform to its notions of personal, as of social excellence (19).Indeed the taxation of cigarettes seems to amount to a sin tax, as more of a punishment than a tax of an item which is not absolutely necessary to survival. Medical science is not immune to the se changing tides in public opinion. During the waning years of Prohibition in this country, teetotalers claimed that the exhalation of hint from a person drinking alcohol could effectively poison an innocent person standing nearby (Stewart lines 18-19). Similarly, anti-smoking proponents claim today that the exhalations of smoke from one individual can adversely affect the health of another individual.Mill saw this as an argument against censorship We can never be sure that the opinion we are endeavoring to stifle is a false opinion, and if we were sure, stifling it would be an evil still (14). While we may not be able to know without doubt which opinion is the right one, Mill saw this as an opportunity for individuals to exercise their liberty through discussion and debate. In the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on Mill, Fred Wilson discusses the important of debate in Mills philosophyOnly through free debate can such detailed skills be developed and maintained our sel f-development as reasonable persons, capable of critical assessments for belief and action (45). The goal is not to produce an unerringly right decision, but to create a society where open and honest discussion is a part of the mechanism of liberty in society, as both a check on our human fallibility and an encouragement to progress.Why the Harm Principle is short(p) as a Basis for Public PolicyThe harm principle provides a philosophy of the individual and his or her relationship to society which is useful as an individual or institution level philosophy. This is in particular true for those individuals or institutions without a set of religious beliefs, as the harm principle provides a system of rules of morality to follow. However, as the basis for legislation and public policy, it is somewhat inadequate. There are, more often than not, many people with conflicting interests, and while the harm principle may form the basis of discussion, in the end an individuals liberty may be stifled in favor of anothers.At that point, the decision has to be made as to which liberty is more important. In the case of smoking bans, an individual who derives happiness from smoking, particularly happiness from smoking in a public place, where he or she is also able to drink and socialize with friends, is taken away. At the same time, other individuals are not subjected to the workable ill health effects of secondhand smoke. The harm principle provides a useful lens through which to frame the debate, but policymakers must often make slightly messier decisions than On Liberty provides for.The very nature of public opinion as Mill saw it (which was as a tyrannical force) means that the definitions of harm will change throughout history and across geography. This leads to both sides of the smoking debate claiming Mill as a member of their side. In an interview, Mill biographer Richard Reeves, in discussing the misuse of Mill by policymakers, said thatWhat sometimes happens is that if you are doing something thats actually quite paternalistic, and you dont take to say so because you want to dress it up as a liberal policy, you might use Mill. And you stretch the harm principle well beyond reasonable usage to justify whats fundamentally a paternalistic policy. The castigate thing is to dress up a paternalistic argument in shoddy, ill-worn, liberal clothing (par. 9).Mill saw the free thought and operation of the individual as being necessary to the progress of society, and curiously as a check against both the State and prevailing public opinion (19).ConclusionIn this essay I have described and critically examined Mills harm principle and how it relates to the contemporary issue of anti-smoking laws. I have argued that the harm principle as applied to anti-smoking laws is and could be used by either side of the debate. An individual who smokes finds his or her happiness circumscribed by the happiness of those individuals who do not wish to have cigarette smoke in the public places they frequent, and vice versa.A group of individuals are going to have their liberty trespassed upon in order for other groups of individuals to retain their liberty, and rather than bringing harm to none there are only degrees of harm, which are considered more or less harmful fit in to the current tides of public discourse. While this creates space for a robust debate (one of the requirements of a society base on liberty), it does not provide a basis for policymakers and legislators to create public policy.Works CitedMayes, Tessa. Mill is a Dead White Male With Something to Say. Spiked Review of Books 28 March 2008. 16 April 2008 http//www.spiked-online.com/index.php?/site/reviewof books_article/4923.Mill, John Stuart. On Liberty and The Subjection of Women. New York Penguin, 2006.Stewart, C. The Case Against Smoking Bans. 2002. New York City C.L.A.S.H. 18 April 2008 http//www.nycclash.com/CaseAgainstBans/Conclusion.htmlConclusion.Wilson, Fred. John Stuart Mill. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (Fall 2007). Stanford University. 15 April 2008 http//plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2007/ entries/mill/.

The Bridge at Argenteuil Essay Example for Free

The twosome at Argenteuil EssayThe dyad at Argenteuil by Alfred Sisley is a decorate multicolor during the French Impressionism period. This characterization is located at the Memphis Brooks Museum of imposture in the European to 1900 collection. The Memphis Brooks Museum of Art is the oldest fine arts museum in Tennessee and displays art from antiquity to contemporary. I chose this museum because it has art from different time periods. This museum, upon set-back impression, was well organized, and the different collections were relatively easy to find. I chose The Bridge at Argenteuil because Alfred Sisleys ca-ca is rarely studied.Alfred Sisleys The Bridge at Argenteuil is a landscape video. It is oil on pottyvas and 15 ? by 24 inches. motley in 1872, The Bridge at Argenteuil depicts a quiet, surface area scene. Toward the in force(p) of the word-painting, there are warm-colored houses on prime of a small hill, while toward the left of the painting is a river, in which is a small drag sauceboat. The grass in the foreground is reminiscent of wheat fields. There is a path that runs from the foreground of the painting out to the river, ending at a small dock, perhaps for fishing. There is a bridge in the background, seemingly tying the entire painting together.Because there is no action in the painting, this make up seems to be a study in quiet and pacify country life. Every object in this landscape seems to be connected. For example, the path in the foreground leads to the dock that connects with the river. The bridge in the background stretches from the land where the artist pied from, over the river, and to the shore on the other side of the river toward the left of the frame, connecting the two pieces of land. This painting clarifies that the countryside is imperturbable and calm. Many artists choose to paint mass, animals, and urban scapes.However, a few, like Alfred Sisley, choose to paint landscapes. Sisley recognized that country landscapes show the softer side of life. Sisley chose to look at the bigger picture instead of focusing on genius thing in particular. By having the freedom that comes with not focusing on a particular subject, Sisley captured the summation of the natural world, a world that is peaceful, calm, and ever-changing. I believe this is what he wanted to show the world. The Bridge at Argenteuil is a study in the wonders of nature and how man and nature understructure exist in harmony. This work does meet the standards of perfection, inexhaustibility, and insight.Every object in the painting works with the others to create a scene that is calm and peaceful. Sisley sundry(a) in great detail, showing the perfection that exists in nature. For example, Sisley included different shades of blue(a) in the river the further I looked into the background at the body of water, the whiter it seemed to become. The white clouds seem to be moving from office to left, slowly covering a light blue sk y. Sisley added these details to capture the ever-changing essence of nature. The work is insightful. This painting made me translate a slower, second look at nature and how everything does balance out.For example, in this painting, every aspect of nature the sky, the water, and the land seem to have an equal part of the frame, they seem to be balanced. I could envision a triangle while looking at these aspects, with the sky being the hook point, and the land and water being the bottom points. The Bridge at Argenteuil resists monotony because nature is always changing. For instance, the water seems clear, like it would be during the summer, but the grass is becoming brown, indicating that the season is moving toward winter. The sky is becoming murkiness this could be indicative of a colder breeze moving in.Because of these elements, it seems as though the season is in transition. This painting has and has not withstood the test of time. For instance, it has withstood the test o f time because it was painted in 1872 and is still on display on with other famous and important works of art. It depicts a nature scene that is always changing and evolving, a scene that never becomes outdated. However, Alfred Sisley, as well as this painting, has not been studied extensively and is rarely analyzed, strange other works of art of the late nineteenth century, such as Monet and Renoir.This gives the impression that this painting has not withstood the test of time. The bridge at Argenteuil has not only been painted by Alfred Sisley. Claude Monet, another impressionist painter, painted this bridge as well. However, there one major difference between the two paintings, although they share the like title. Sisleys The Bridge at Argenteuil depicts the bridge from afar, focusing more on the land and the water in the foreground. Monets The Bridge at Argenteuil focuses more on the water and a couple of sail boats, with the bridge off to the right side of the frame.Another i mportant detail is that Monets painting of the bridge was created two years after Sisley painted the bridge. Therefore, Sisleys The Bridge at Argenteuil can be determined to be unique and original. Also because of the aforementioned reasons, it can be said that this painting could have influenced Monets painting of the bridge. Sisley also depicted a sail boat in his painting, like Monet did, although Sisleys sail boat was small and relatively insignificant, while Monets sail boats were the focus of the painting.This painting possesses not only international appeal because Sisley was a French painter, but universal appeal because people from around the world can relate to nature. This painting depicts elements in nature that can be entrap in any rural area. For example, it is a scene that focuses on a grassy knoll and a body of water. While looking at this painting, it seems as though it can be found in the United States, when actually, this scene was painted in France. This scene h as universal appeal because people of all ages and cultures can relate to it. I chose Alfred Sisleys The Bridge at Argenteuil because it is an under-appreciated painting.It seemed calm and comforting, two feelings that most do not take the time to enjoy. The grass in the foreground and how it seemed to be swaying in the breeze sticks in my mind the most. The summary of this work of art taught me how to appreciate the seemingly insignificant aspects of life. For most, including myself, life rushes by. Getting to work or develop and finishing daily tasks keeps one so busy that no one ever has the time any longer to slow peck and appreciate nature. Most take these aspects of life for granted. Analyzing this painting forced me to slow down and appreciate the beauty of nature.

Joseph Stalin Essay Example for Free

Joseph Stalin EssayOne man that has gone d sustain is storey as one of the most cold-hearted, ruthless killers goes by the name of Joseph Stalin. Stalin, originally natural with the name Iosif Dzhugashvili, was born in Gori, Georgia on December 21st 1879. At the time, the town where Iosif Dzhugashvili was born and raised was plagued by a lot of street madness. After demonstrating his devious centering of thinking and his will to come to unattackable power, Iosif Dzhugashvili eventually adopted the nickname Stalin from the Russian word steel. Once he received his crude nickname, he subprogramd it as a pseudonym in his published works. Many do non know the story of Stalins younger years and the effect it had to the way he carried himself as a dictator. After careful speculation, it is clear to see that the future dictator and killer was very coldhearted from a very young succession. From a very young age, Joseph Stalin was subjected to a lot of violence. Some of the most handsome violent events that affected the young boy started with his mother.Ekaterina Shubnaya in her fleck Prominent Russians Joseph Stalin states that Some sources, how forever so, claim that, as a strict and religious woman, she frequently resorted to physical punishment, which she believed was an integral part of child rearing. Stalins kinship with his mother was strained and he didnt even attend her funeral in 1937 (1). Here, we see that violence was a natural way of Stalins mother to raise the youngest son of her 4 children. She would make up never survey that this violence would prolong led her son to become one of the most violent human beings to ever live.The psychological effects of violence that Joseph Stalin went through from a young age followed him for the rest of his life. After and research, it is seen that even as a young boy, Joseph Stalin felt very lonely and unlove. The reason for this was because even his father, ca apply him chafe psychologically and ph ysically. Ekaterina Shubnaya continues by explaining that Josephs father, Vissarion, a shoemaker, was heavily addicted to drinking and had a drunken habit of beat out up his wife and son. Stalin recalled getting so mad at his father that he once nigh killed him by throwing a knife at him (1).His rough childhood only continued when at the age of twelve, two horse-drawn carriage accidents left his left arm permanently damaged. At the time, Joseph also caught little(a) pox which left his face permanently scarred. The scarring on his face was a source of ridicule by the other children. As Joseph Stalin got older, he rose to power thanks to a man named Lenin. Lenin clue the Russian Communists to power in November 1917 and remained in power. With the help of Lenin, Joseph Stalin began to act ruthless and careless of others.When Lenin became too sick to lead the land in a proper way, Stalin took over and went against Lenins ideas and ways of leading. nonicing that Stalin wasnt showin g the characteristics of a loyal and respectful leader, Lenin wrote a testament in which he stated that he suggested Stalin be removed. lav Simkin, in his piece Joseph Stalin shares the testament written by Lenin. It states Comrade Stalin, having become General Secretary, has concentrated spacious power in his hands and I am not sure that he always knows how to use that power with sufficient caution.I therefore propose to our comrades to consider a means of removing Stalin from this post and appointing somebody else who differs from Stalin in one weighty respect being much tolerant, more loyal, more polite, more thoughtful of his comrades(2). However, Lenin died before any actual could be taken and Joseph Stalin became the new leader of the Soviet Union. Now as the leader of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin became very paranoid and did not trust anyone. He went against anyone that disagreed with him and had them executed.He executed journalists, and anyone else who had wrap up w ith him and who he disliked. Leon Trotsky was a man of a lot of power in the Soviet Union just now Stalin made him step down from his position to gain even more power. John Simkin tells us that In 1936 Nickolai Bukharin, Alexei Rykov, Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Krestinsky and Christian Rakovsky were arrested and accused of being involved with Leon Trotsky in a plot against Stalin. They were all found delinquent and were eventually executed (3).The execution of these lot and of many others was clear evidence that Joseph Stalin was cleanup spot people not because they were committing crimes or doing anything bad, but because he somebodyally didnt trust them and killed them from pure intuition and impulse. The absurd justness about Joseph Stalin is that he killed his own people. He killed people in his own country and in his own government. The people that helped him rise to power were the people he did not trust and who he had executed or made to disappear without any explanation gi ven.John Simkin explains to us that In June, 1937, Mikhail Tukhachevsky and seven other steer Red Army commanders were charged with conspiracy with Germany. All eight were convicted and executed. All told, 30,000 members of the armed forces were executed. This included lambert per cent of all army officers (3). With all these executions, people lived fearful of Stalin and did not dare test his patience. The violence against his own people is direct evidence of the psychological effects that the beatings from his parents had on Stalin.Since the people who supposedly loved him, beat him, it became second nature for Joseph Stalin to do the same with the people of his country when he rose to power. It is give tongue to that Joseph Stalin has killed over 20 million people during the time of dictatorship but there were even more killed during World warfare II. Palash Ghosh in her piece How Many People Did Joseph Stalin Kill? writes that an amoral psychopath and paranoid with a gangste rs mentality, Stalin eliminated anyone and everyone who was a threat to his power including (and especially) former allies.He had absolutely no weigh for the sanctity of human life(1). There were another 20 million people killed during World War II amounting to a total of 40 million Soviet troops and civilians killed. The ruthlessness Joseph Stalin showed had become vividly present with his own family. Stalin had a son named Yakov who was an artillery lieutenant in the 14th Howitzer command of the 14th Armored Division. Yakov refused to withdraw when German forces overran his men near Smolensk. Stalin had the expectation that no Soviet pass was judge to be captured.He preferred his troops to commit suicide than to be captured by the opponent. This rein also applied to his son, who was captured. Brenda Haugen, writer of Joseph Stalin Dictator of the Soviet Union describes that German authorities proposed a trade. They expected the Soviet leader would welcome his sons return. A message was sent to Stalin that said the Germans would force out Yakov if the Soviets freed a German officer. Stalin refused. I cannot do it, Stalin said. War is war(11). This decision cost Yakov his life who was posterior believed to be killed or may have commited suicide.He died in April 1943 after running into an electric deal surrounding the camp where he was held. It is said that Joseph Stalin never felt any remorse for his sons death and told people he had no son named Yakov. It is a clear indication that Stalin didnt have a special bond with his family or any example of think of for human life in itself. It calculates that Stalin grew to be a coldhearted man who didnt value anyone but himself. Brenda Haugen continues by stating that In times of war, most leaders would find it difficult to justify offering special treatment to their own children.How could they throw in their own childrens lives while others died fighting for the same cause? But Stalin was different tha n other leaders of his time. Not only did he refuse to provide special treatment to his family, he also didnt value human life(11). The ruthlessness of Stalin is astonishing that he would let his son be killed without any type of remorse. Theres an old saying that says that family comes head start but this saying doesnt seem to hope to Joseph Stalins way of thinking. Even though Stalin was one of the most well-known villains in history, he was lull a very mysterious man.There is very little known about his childhood and his family. The records that have been recorded are not concrete because as Stalin gained power, he had the tendency to make things be the way he wanted them to be and no one could question him. This being said, some facts of his life seem to be produced by his fictional events created by him and not what may have really happened. Scott Ingram writes in his piece Historys Villains Joseph Stalin that Another reason Stalins life remains shadowy is that he ordered his biography to be rewritten several times.With each of these rewrites, older records were destroyed. The more powerful Stalin became, the more he was able to take extension for things he had not done. His Communist biographers were forced to revise twentieth-century Russian history books to go along with Stalins orders. The aim was to present to the world the most flawless possible account of the great leader(8). These lies brainwash people into thinking that Stalin was a different person than who he really was. He made people see him as a perfect leader and not as a person who was killing the people that supported him.In conclusion, it is very easy to see that Stalin was influenced by his childhood experiences to become the person he was. The ruthless leader took the experience of the beatings his parents gave him and in a way beat his own country when he rose to power. He was and still is the most ruthless leather to ever live. He used fear to keep people controlled and to make people do exactly what he wanted them to do. He had people in such fear that before every speech, people were afraid to be the first to stop clapping because theyd be killed.The audience would clap for over 10 minutes in fear of being the first one to stop. This type of control is what let Joseph Stalin do anything he wanted without having anyone tell him it is wrong or to stop him from doing it. During his last days, he fell into a comma and in his last moments, in an attempt to keep living, he cursed everyone near his death bed and at long last died. Joseph Stalin was a ruthless dictator and human being who had no type of remorse for anything he ever did.

British contemporary art Essay Example for Free

British contemporary machination EssayBritish contemporary graphics is the artifice that developed in the late 20th vitamin C and early 21st century in Britain. It was this time when thither came a kind of rejection for modern art and the hurtle and dynamism of abstract expressionism reduced. At the end of 1950s loose movements of early contemporary art developed Pop art that emerged formerly in England and started with the exhibition of This Is Tomorrow.The sixties art barb saw David Hockney, Peter Blake and Richard Hamilton during this time. Pop art can be characterized by descriptions of common places that were placed in untested artistic ontexts, optical flickering of the international pop art movement were seen in the paintings of several(prenominal) artists and various opposite varieties in the work of numerous artists were appreciated. The styles that were diminished were put under the umbrella stipulation of postmodernism. The development of new historicism, ironic and detached, which generated a number of artistic neonism, marked the commencement of a new era in art.The Young British wileists movement in 1990s with the version of conceptual art that featured evocations often achieved international recognition. M all new artists simultaneously tirred up and challenged history of art and gave a new definition to art that it is any work of art is an entity, which in itself is self-sufficient. The new art seemed to be sometimes detached with social consciousness and concentrated on issue impelled themes and minorities like gay, feminist movement etc.Another trend that is being seen in numerous works of art is the concept driven by the use of photography and language as the substance. Further contemporary art movement includes digital art, which was initiated in 1970s only if became prevalent with the beginning of 21st century. The digital artists make use of softw atomic number 18 product and sophisticated computers along with vide o equipments and create an extremely different work of art. Damien Hirst, internationally renowned and leader of Young British Artists dominated the art world in Britain especially during 1990s.The central theme of Hirsts work is death and his famous work was a series of dead animals preserved in formaldehyde. The strong-arm impossible action of shoemakers abide in the Mind of Someone Living is a tiger shark immerse in formaldehyde in a vitrine and is of 14-feet, the sale of which made him worlds second highest overpriced life history artist. He is headspring known for his spin paintings and spot paintings. When considering international presentation his first major one was Mother and Child Divided in which a cow and a calf is incinerate into pieces and displayed in a series of split vitrines.Damien Hirst is considered as the second closely famous living British artist after David Hockney. He was born in 1965 in Bristol and was brought up by his mother and stepfather. ah ead going to college he did a basic course in Leeds School of Art and then locomote to London in 1986 and graduated in 1989 at gold-worker College in BA Fine Art course. During his student life he held an exhibition Freeze in Docklands warehouse for which he himself conceived the idea, organized it as well as promoted it too.This exhibition commenced his career along with many other young British artists. In this Mishra 3 show several of Damiens art pieces were exhibited along with the works of his 16 fellow students of Goldsmith College. It can be said that this self-promoting exhibition gave way to starting Young British Artists movement. Ex-Thatcher ad-man, Charles Saatchi got impressed by his works and displayed some of his works in the first Charles Saatchis Young British Artists show.Saatchi pull down bought A Thousand Years, a piece of Damien in 1990 and since then he has created a lot of pieces and has been esteem by collectors as well as curators and his works are consid ered extraordinarily provocative. In 1991, he change an art gallery with live tropical butterflies and presented an installation named In and Out of Love. The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Minds of Someone Living, a piece that made him the second highest expensive living artist, was commissioned for about US$32,000 in 1992.This made Damien a media icon and since then media and public both started to mitate, praise and also criticize him. The Young British Artists of Damiens generation is completely different from their forward generation and are well known for their entrepreneurial spirit, independence and media savvy. Most of them are self-promoters and get sponsored privately. They did not depend on government agencies to discover their talent and then present them as was done earlier but instead they displayed their talent with the help of private sponsors who readily organized exhibitions for them.Hirst tried to develop exploration of mortality as the central theme of his artworks and extended it with humor, ynamism, novelty and enthusiasm. His The Natural History series, which is quite well known among his admirers, included dead animals presented, as momento mori as an irony on natural history. This series strike the contemplation of his approach and the work of art has a visual power which is not possible to be described in words. Without having the experience of the series one cannot imagine or envisage it.If Hirsts productions were to be categorized, it would be done in three types and they are paintings, the glass tank pieces and cabinet sculptures. Considering his paintings hat are divided into spot paintings and spin paintings. Spot paintings can be described as those paintings that are haphazardly organized and the canvases are color-spotted and their titles refer to pharmaceutical chemicals. Spin paintings are individually created with the help of centrifugal force and is literary done on a spinning table.His glass tank sculptures in clude dead animals or animals cut into pieces like cows, shark or sheep that are kept in formaldehyde perched in death. Hirsts cabinet sculptures include collection of bottles of pills or surgical tools that are on highly arranged shelves. Damien Hirst was very(prenominal) quick in sharing his ideas and interest areas and very easily conveyed his message. His pieces of art were most simple but at the same time had complex ideas knitted along. Along with his paintings he expanded hobby-art technique that tried to attract audience towards the beauty and extreme energy of haphazard paintings.Hirsts piece of art in which a single fish is suspended in formaldehyde was admired as a symbol of advanced art and people came to know that how ordinary things placed in an artistic personal manner could attract and look beautiful. Some of Hirsts pieces of art ike Alone Yet Together which included a cabinet that held 100 small fishes in small tanks of formaldehyde and Loss of Memory is Worse th an Death which included a steel cage that contained several vitrines with surgical mask, syringe and gloves were auctioned but failed to sell.Damien puts the blame on media that it makes the public believe the flawed explanations from art critics and public get misguided and believe in them without even out actually viewing the artwork. Damien is of the opinion that people go through with(predicate) and through as well as appreciate artwork even if they dont possess an art degree because nyone has the basic knowledge of visual background, which makes them understand complex advertisements too. It is only because people are not exposed to artworks frequently they are unable to express or appreciate it.Damien now insists that his spin paintings should be provided with spinning equipment on the wall so that there is no confusion about the upper side of the painting. As far his spot paintings are carry on they have become an icon of Hirsts artwork. Usually it is seen that Damiens w ork have recurring themes in a different way and one of is themes is cigarettes and the best example is his piece of work, Party Time. Damien considers take as a theoretical suicide and he stated, The concept of a slow suicide through smoking is a really great idea, a powerful thing to do.One much theme that is seen quite common in Hirsts art is medical equipment and he had been infatuated and he wants people to believe in art just as they believe in medicine. The flood of ideas and images that Damiens artwork creates leaves admirers of art amazed, fascinated and also threatened. One of the themes in Damiens paintings is emptiness like in He Tried to Internalize Everything and The Acquired Inability to Escape he displays a small cage like structure in which objects like desk, chair and other things usually needed for human interaction are seen covered with glass but there is human presence lacking.The aspecting or intension of the artists can these works can only be experienced and there is no suspense of solving any problem in this piece of art. Since the things are inside a glass cage the feeling seems to be suffocating and frustrating. Damien has fascination for glass because even though it is solid and dangerous it is transparent. It allows anyone to see everything but you cannot touch anything kept inside it. Damiens lots of tank pieces are with animals in formaldehyde where they cannot go through any natural process and he finds it quite difficult to preserve them completely.He believes that the idea throne any creation is more important than the actual piece that has been used for the purpose. He wants his creative pieces to last till his lifetime and he is not much bothered about them after it. These animals are most famous among his works and at the same time they have been quite controversial too. He was awarded the food turner Prize for Mother and Child, Divided and Damien says, I want people feel like burgers. I chose a cow because it was ba nal. Its just nothing. It doesnt mean anything. What is the difference betwixt a cow and a burger?Not a lot I want people to look at cows and feel Oh My God, so then in turn, it makes them feel like burgers. Damien wants to make people look at ordinary things in a different way and he believes that they are frightening. He wants people to question because one thing that is useful in one way can be just turnaround the other and this change of function is what makes things frightening. He says that the same is with art. He has received many letters in which people have protested, threatened or laid moral objections to the use of animals in Damiens artwork. moreover Damien himself is very sympathetic about animals and most of his animals are bought from slaughterhouses or have died their natural death. Damien had quite a lot of problem convincing concerned authority his pieces of art were to be considered art and not food, as he was not allowed to take his artwork for an exhibition i n United States. Again in noble 1995 Damien was banned to exhibit his artwork Two Fucking, Two Watching which included dead cows hindquarters without formaldehyde.The objection was that the methane gas would explode the glass and would probably prompt vomiting among the visitors. Damiens art installation that got changed into restaurant, which was followed to sale very shortly, is just an example that Damien is simply interested in art rather than courtly media. He is a versatile artist and his art include paintings, video, sculptures and every other media in between them. He has also designed cover art for albums, directed a music video and even was part of an art and film exhibition in 1996 at theHayward Gallery with his short film respite Around.He included many of his pop star friends from London to provide music for this film. In 1998 he became a part of a pop group and recorded two singles. Damien has also worked on quite a few side projects. Damiens work has been admired and exhibited in Britain, the USA, Korea, Australia and many other countries in Europe. His works are included in public museums and galleries as well as in lots of private collections too. He lives with his sons Connor and Cassius and his girlfriend Maia Norman in Devon and works at his home.

Who Was Right about Popular Culture Essay Example for Free

Who Was Right or so general Culture EssayPopular polish or Pop Culture is the in thing today. Many people atomic number 18 up to it particularly the youths. It emerged from diametric fields, from the up-to-the-minute fashion, latest gadgets, and latest celebrities may it be actors or actresses or singers, latest movies, latest computer games, latest music, latest arts, to the latest party place or get away. Popular purification is something that al or so every country has because in 1 way or another, every country influences one another. In this time, the central source of the frequent grow is the United States of America and the European Countries. In the U. S., at that place is Hollywood which is the haven of different people who loves the latest trends in music, films, and celebrities. There is Tokyo in Japan, fresh York in the United States, Madrid and Italy in Europe which are the sources of the popular subtlety. Popular culture rouse be defined in many aspect s, but there is one thing in common. Popular culture is characterized as impersonal. It is something that has a static dimension because popular culture changes over time. Its components are ever-changing every time and it depends on what the season is. There are many known sociologists who write about the popular culture.There are many approaches in studying the popular culture. It has different interpretations. One of the most noted writers or thinkers of popular culture is C. L. R James and Theodor Adorno. Each of them has defined popular culture based on their sociological background and based on the thoughts they are in. As for C. L. R. James he has the Marxist influence, while Theodor Adorno was mainly influenced by Frankfurt School. The two sociologists tackle popular culture with different approach. With their given approach, it can be easily seen who is most proper when it comes popular culture.In this paper I will discuss the premises they have given to come up with the r ight conclusion of who has the right in discussing and/or who is the better writer of the popular culture. Cyril Lionel Robert James, 1901-1989 C. L. R. James was born in Trinidad and Tobago. He went to sissys Royal College. He is considered as a social theorist and journalist. He is a part of Beacon Group which is related to The Beacon Magazine. The works of James are focused on the social changes, the class status, and the types of society. He has been an activist of the equality of all men.He is the analyst of the changes in the society which has extensive effects on the world. But his works are all dedicated to his fellow Negros. His works are devoted for them. He has tried to uplift the status of Negroes around the world. Popular Culture for him is a hybridization of classic humanist reflexes and the receptivity in a postmodernist way to novelty, celebrity, and genre. He gave emphasis on the interplay among the creators, formats, audiences, and the capacity of people. This is based upon the production and consumption of different variations of art and entertainment.He is deeply committed to the intelligence of humanist learning and popular protest. He also tapped politics and particularly the socialism. He tell that culture has a commoditized form this can be accounted to his deep attachment in literature and cricket. He said that mass audience has a big part in the emergence of classical drama and modern-day sport. The consumption of popular culture can be represented by the connection to literature and cricket. Thus, popular culture was brought about by the interaction of the individual artist and mass audience.

Energy Drinks Market in Denmark Essay Example for Free

Energy Drinks grocery in Denmark Essay1. Introduction danish pastry flabby take ups sales have recorded positive entire deal growth in recent long time. Strong volume growth was recorded in faculty sop ups sales attri buted to the aggressive trade and new product launches. much or less(prenominal) of the major players in the danish pastry vital force make happy marketplace argon cut down and carmine falsify. Accordingly, the primary(a)(prenominal) aim of this report pull up stakes be to identify and analyze the possible ways for blaze up verve soak up product to contend with the world famous vigour alcoholism rosy-cheeked talk through ones hat which has recently entered into Danish heartiness drink market in 2009. 1. 1 Problem translation In 2009, the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration approved the increase of caffeine level in energy drink. This has devoted a wide-open-door for bever ripen companies to develop in this segment. Taking advant come on of this opportunity, personnel casualty bull the worlds close to famous energy drink company, started to compete within the Danish energy drink market. On the separate hand, Coca-cola Denmark also considered it as an opportunity to further develop product chain of its energy drink tailor.In Denmark, brand has been dominating the energy drink market so utmost but direct with the entry of reddened whoreson into the market it leave now have to strategic bothy develop its marketing mix to find a better way to compete with personnel casualty Bull and maintain its paramount position. 1. 2 Problem Statement We define the problem oral sex for our enquiry as fol mortifieds How could prune compete with red-faced Bull on the Danish energy drink market? To support main question we have formulated some sub questions. They be as follows 1. 2. 1 What is the likeence of customers between open fire and Red Bull?1. 2. 2 How should Burn products be developed and how should t hey be priced? 1. 2. 3 How should Coca-cola Denmark promote and divide Burn? 1. 3 Definitions 1. 3. 1 Energy drink Energy drink force out be delimitate as a drink or the beverage that contains higher doses of caffeine and other stimulating agents that touch you instant energy. The doses of the caffeine and the stimulants argon legally approved by the government health authorities. The main get of drinking an Energy drink is to get an instant energy to your body. 1. 3. 2 Burn energy drink.Burn Energy Drink is a functional beverage, mixture of 14 ingredients that come in a 16 ounce lavatory and is available at almost ein truth grocery store or gizmo store across Denmark. It is one of the products of Coca-Cola caller-out. 1. 3. 3 Red Bull energy drink Red Bull Energy Drink is a functional beverage, specially developed for periods of increased mental and physical exertion. It stinkpot be drunk in virtually any situation during sports, at work, whilst driving and during leisure activities. 1. 4 Demarcations (Scope and limitation of the study) As ein truth report has its limitations, this report is also subject to respective(a) limitations.This report is base on two products, Burn and Red Bull which are the products of The Coca-Cola Company and The Red Bull Company respectively. These two companies have various product categories however this report will be cogitate exactly on those two products among wide category of energy drink in energy drink sector. As far as the market place is concerned, this report is limited to the Danish market. Most of the consumers of energy drinks in Danish market are principally the younger people aged 18-25. Considering this fact we have selected this age group as our target group. 2 Theoretical Background.This section of the report helps to provide the broad theoretic framework used for interpreting the enquiry presented in this report. Various marketing theories have been applied as a background in this report. Theory of Market sectionalisation is used to analyze Burn and Red Bull in the Danish Market. To analyze the competitor between Burn and Red Bull, Competitor benchmark Analysis is used. Finally Using the theory of Marketing Mix (4 Ps), recommendation to Burn has been made to victorfully develop its marketing campaign so that it stooge increase its sales and compete with Red Bull. 2. 1 Market segmentation.Market segmentation will be identified by taking into consideration the demographic variables (like gender, different age group and life style) and geographical locations (various cities of Denmark) like Center of Copenhagen, Sj? lland, Fyn and Jylland 2. 2 combative Benchmark Analysis Competitive benchmark of Burn will be made with its direct competitor, Red Bull. For this we will take various factor ins which are sea tang, taste, sign, price, place ( cheery to vitiate), encase and effectiveness of the products. During our group discussion these factors came up as the most rele vant criteria for making competitive benchmark.Accordingly, respondents were asked to rate and label both Burn and Red Bull on those factors during the online survey. 2. 3 Marketing Mix (4 Ps) Marketing Mix i. e. 4 Ps will be taken as theoretical base for providing recommendation to Burn after the analysis of study and findings are presented. Accordingly, Product, Price, Place and Promotion Strategy will be presented in nine for Burn to successfully compete against its rival Red Bull. Then after, the conclusion will be made. 3 Methodology Description This section of the report accommodates information about the stages that we went through go doing the interrogation and writing the report. 3.1 look for Design We chose exploratory design as our investigate design. We have a enquiry problem which is unstructured. We do not have enough information about our topic for which we have to investigate more on our topic. Both Qualitative and quantitative data hookup methods are used . To gain more and more information and insights about the problem topic, Qualitative research design was chosen. Using qualitative data solicitation method, it became easier for us to change translate and reformulate our unstructured questions. Quantitative method is also used in order to check the validity of the results obtained from qualitative method.For quantitative data collection we tried to get as some respondents as possible who can represent the total population. 3. 2 Primary and secondary data collection For this research we have chosen both Qualitative and Quantitative data collection method for primary data. Similarly, wherever required, we have also used secondary data from the articles, publications and website of the company as well as blogs and other relevant news articles. 3. 3 Qualitative data collection To collect the qualitative data, a focus group hearing was conducted. We prepared the interview guide for the focus group which is attached in the appendix.Th e focus group contained 11 members who are the students from 2nd semester class at Niels Brock. After the completion of interview process we also took a stratagem test among the focus group interview participants plus 15 other students. Students were chosen randomly. Each of them were given to drink two glasses, one filled with Burn and another(prenominal) filled with Red Bull and were asked which one they like and how they taste. The responses from the participants were used for the analysis. 3. 4 Quantitative data collection To collect quantitative data, we prepared structured questionnaire. It consisted of 15 questions (open and closed ended questions).We posted our research questionnaire in the Facebook blogs and invited 600 Facebook users through simple random method. We got only 116 responses and of which only 77 respondents answered all questions of questionnaire. So in this research 77 respondents are our total number of observation. In other words our sample size is 77 whi ch represent the total population of energy drink customers in Denmark. 4 Presentation and analysis of data The presentation and analysis of data has been categorized as Market segmentation and Competitor Benchmark. 4. 1 Market Segmentation of energy drinks 4. 1. 1 Analysis of Focused group interviewDuring the focused group interview, 11 participants were asked about the consumption of energy drink e actually workhebdomad. Among the participants, 1 participant consumes 5 or more cans per week. 4 respondents consume 3 to 4 cans and 1-2 cans as well. Whereas, 2 respondents consume less than 1 can of energy drink. Thus their consumption habit is around 1-4 cans per week. When at that place was a discussion about the cause during which they consume the energy drink, most of the answers was during workout, training or going to sports and when mixing with alcohol. There was also a discussion about having coffee instead of energy drink when one is tired.6 participants give tongue to that they prefer coffee whereas others best-loved energy drink. Regarding price, most of the respondents voted for cheaper one, less than 20 DKK and between15-17 DKK. 4. 1. 2 Analysis of Online questionnaire survey The freeness of various age groups towards energy drink is illustrated in the diagram below. It shows that 56% of respondents from age group 18 to 25 days are interest in energy drink. Figure 1 Willingness of various age-groups towards energy drink denotation Appendix 4 Similarly, 20% of respondents from the age group below 18 and 26-35 years age group showed their interest in energy drink.But only 4% of the elderly respondents are interested in energy drink. Thus, it can be seen that the highest number of people from the age group 18-25 years are interested in the energy drink. Figure 2 Willingness towards energy drink by gender quotation Appendix 5 The above figure shows that 68% of anthropoid population is interested in energy drink whereas only 32% of female p opulation is interested in Energy drink. Figure 3 Willingness towards energy drink by location Source Appendix 6 According to the above figure, most of the respondents from center of Copenhagen are interested in energy drink.68% respondents from the Copenhagen voice and 32% respondents from Sj? land region showed interest in energy drink. While analysisng the age wise consumption of energy drink which is illustrated in the figure below it has been seen that the data is bit conflicting. Figure 4 Age wise consumption of energy drink Source Appendix 7 As shown by the diagram, those who almost never drink energy drinks are higher in age group 18 to 25 years.But again, those drinking from 1-2 cans per week are also higher number in age category 18-25 years but less compared to those who never drink. But what can be reason that those who drinks energy drinks they normally consume 12 cans per week and are higher in 18-25 years category. Analyzing the preferred occasions when customers usu ally like to drink energy drink, the research show that customers usually prefer it to mix with alcohol as their first orientation and then drinking when they are tired. Figure 5 Occasional preference of Energy Drink by gender Source Appendix 8 The above graph shows most of both females and males consume energy drink when they mix with alcohol.22 females out of 35 female respondents (63%) and 19 males out of 42 male respondents (45%) said they consume it when they mix with alcohol. Similarly 43% of female and 40 % of male respondents answered that they take energy drink when they are tired. Likewise, 11% female and 33% male said that they take it when they go to sports. 14% of female and 21% of male chose energy drink when they are thirsty and 6% of female and 7% of male chose for other occasions. Figure 6 Customers willingness to open for the energy drink Source Appendix 9.Relating to the price it can be intelligibly seen from the figure above that 18-25 years age group which i s the target customers for energy drinks are willing to pay 16-20 DKK for the energy drinks where as 26-35 years age group are willing to pay 10-15 DKK for the drink. 4. 2 Competitor Benchmark (Burn and Red Bull) 4. 2. 1 Analysis of Focused group interview During the focused group interview, 8 out of 11 participants preferred Red Bull. Only 3 preferred Burn. When there was a discussion of product features like taste, flavor and effectiveness of the products participants said that effectiveness of the product is key.During the blind test 26 participants were made to taste both Burn and Red Bull drinks blindfolded. Table 1 Preference of product by tasting without knowing the product (Blind Test) BurnRed BullBoth Total no. of participant (26)9152 The research showed that Red Bull was highly preferred by the participants with 58% appreciating the taste of Red Bull. Burn was preferred by only 35% of the participants. 4. 2. 2 Analysis of Online questionnaire survey The illustration of va rious measures to which the consumer gave importance when get energy drink is shown in the figure below. Figure 7 Customers emphasis when grease ones palmsing energy drink.Source Appendix 10 We found data of customers according to the importance they give to various measures or elements when they wishing to buy an energy drink. The above graph shows that 53% of the total respondents said flavor is very Copernican when they buy energy drink. just about taste, 60% said it is very authorized. None of the respondents said that it is not consequential at all. Talking about brand, only 19% said very important, 34% said important, 30% said not so important and 17% said not important at all. About price, 51 %( more than half population) said that it is very important.Only 5% said not so important and no respondents said that it is not important at all. So far as convenient place to buy is concerned, 29% said very important, 54% said important. When advancement is concerned 16% said very important, 29% said important 39% said not so important and 16% said not important at all. When it is about effectiveness, 44% said it is very important, 38% said important. Thus the analysis shows that flavor, taste, price, convenient buying options and effectiveness of the drinks are important for customers where as brand and packaging are not that important in buying decision.Based on the various factors to which the consumers give preference when buying energy drinks, comparative analysis between Burn and Red Bull has been carried out. This can be described from the figure given below. We asked the respondents to evaluate Burn and Red Bull giving them 4 options (Very Good, Good, atrocious, Very Bad). But here in the analysis we have taken only two options as we think these two options are sufficient for comparative analysis. Figure 8 Comparison of Burn and Red Bull based on the various factors SourceAppendix 11 The above figure shows the customers preference between Burn a nd Red Bull on the various factors which are important for their buying decision. 34% of the total respondents said the flavor of Burn is good and 23% said very good opus 48% and 29% said the flavor of Red Bull is good and very good respectively. Similarly, 39% and 13% of the total respondents said the taste of Burn is good and very good respectively composition 52% and 29% respectively chose good and very good for the taste of Red Bull. As far as brand is considered, 39% and 26% said the Burn brand is good and very good respectively while 42% and 45% said Red Bull brand is good and very good respectively.When it is about price, 27% and 12% chose good and very good for Burn while 16% and 12% for Red Bull. 35% and 23% of total population said Burn is good and very good respectively when considering convenient to buy whereas for Red Bull it is 38% and 17% respectively. About packaging 36% and 22% answered good and very good for Burn while for Red Bull its 45% and 18%. Finally for th e effectiveness of the product, 39% and 18% respectively chose good and very good for Burn while it is 45% and 25% for Red Bull.Thus the analysis shows that customers highly prefer Red Bull while relating to flavor, taste, and brand. On the other hand, with relating to price, convenient to buy and nice packaging, customers seemed to prefer Burn. So far as the effectiveness is concerned, Preference towards Red Bull is high but the difference is not so much. 5 Findings and summary of the analysis According to the analysis presented above, it can be seen that the energy drink market segmentation is more concentrated on the costumers between age group of 18-25 and that the customers are dominantly male rather than female. looking at the geographic distribution the market segment is undoubtedly concentrated on Copenhagen with to some expiration also in Sj? land. However, the other fact is also that since Copenhagen is the largest city with dense population this result is sort of obviou s. The other important findings of the study regarding the life style of the customers relating to the consumption of energy drinks is that energy drinks are besides consumed as a mix in alcohol and then it is consumed while people get tired. in like manner energy drinks are often consumed just 1 or 2 cans per week. Normally customers are willing to pay 16-20 DKK for the drink.The analysis shows that in ecumenical the customers give high importance to the flavor, taste, price, effectiveness and buying contraption while making their buying decisions of energy drinks and that the brand and packaging are not of importance for the customers. retentivity this in mind the competitor benchmark of Burn and Red Bull Red Bull clearly shows that though Red Bull being a new entrant in the Danish market it has succeeded in taking good share of energy drink market in Denmark. Red Bull is preferred by customers in terms of its flavor, taste which are important factor in general for customers while making their buying decisions.Similarly, with the effectiveness as well Red Bull is preferred by customers in comparison to Burn. Burn is preferred by customers in packaging which not of important factor for customers. But Burn still dominate Red Bull in terms of its easy availability at stores which is due to the fact that it is distributed by Carlsberg Brewery which is considered to have a very strong distribution origin in Danish market. (footnote) Again at price Burn is rated better owing to the fact that they are cheaper than Red Bull. Of course with the brand Red Bull is rated much better as it is an internationally accept brand.6 Recommendations Based on above findings following recommendations have been suggested for Burn to improve its products, promotion and set strategy. The recommendations will be based on the marketing mix (4 Ps) which is product, price, place and promotion. 6. 1 Product Since the research findings show that Red Bull has dominant preference by customers in terms of flavor, taste and effectiveness, therefore Burn has to come up with innovative product instruction in order to provide added appreciate to its product so that customers preferences divert towards Burn.Therefore, considerable amount of resources and time should be spent on research and development of variety of flavors and appealing taste with its product. Since the market segment of the energy drink is mostly 18-25 years old and that they consume it as mix in alcohol so the taste preference of these age group should be taken into consideration and the flavor and taste should be developed which is appealing while mixing with alcohol as well. 6. 2 Price Relating to the price, Burn is cheaper that Red Bull and realizing the fact that Red Bull is gaining market share it is wise to maintain its low price strategy.6. 3 Place The research show Burn with strong placement but since strong distribution channel is its one of force competencies it has to fully utilize this competences to move ahead form Red Bull to place its products at all the convenient stores. The major priority should be given to Copenhagen since its the main market segment but again taking advantage of its well managed distribution channel it should also focus on other cities where Red Bull are not able to reach due to lack of experience with the Danish market.6. 4 Promotion A well planned advertising strategy should be developed mainly targeting on the 18-25 years age group and again the male customers who are the major customers of energy drinks. though Red Bull is world recognized brand, Burn also has its brand reputation as it is a product of world class Coca Cola Company. Thus advertising campaign should also be focused to create awareness of the Coca Cola brand among the customers while promoting Burn which can positively influence customers choice.7 Conclusion Based on the research analysis and findings, it can be concluded that within the Danish energy drinks market Burn is definitely getting a tough competition from Red Bull despite the fact the Red Bull is a new entrant in Danish market. Its global brand recognition has provided Red Bull with competitive strength which can be a serious threat to Burn in coming future. Therefore it is a must for Burn to take timely action and initiate necessary marketing strategies to compete with Red Bull.Burn has low price advantage as well as strong distribution channel which provide Burn with an edge in the competitive market and therefore it needs to look more into product development and promotion strategy in order to compete with Red Bull and thus gain success in the competitive energy drink market. 8.References Books David Jobber. (2007). Principles and Practice of Marketing. UK. McGraw-Hill cultivation Pervez GH, Kjell Gr. (2005). Research Methods in Business Studies. UK. Pearson Education Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2007). Business Research Methods. 2nd Ed. UK.Oxford University Press Burns, A. C. and Bush, R. F. (2006) Marketing Research, 5th ed. , Prentice Hall Kotler, P. and Keller, K. L. (2006) Marketing Management, twelfth ed. , Prentice Hall Svend Hollensen, (2007) Global Marketing a decision-oriented approach, Websites http//www. euromonitor. com/Soft_Drinks_in_Denmark http//advantageaustria. org/dk/news/local/Red-Bull-und-Shark. en. jsp http//www. aeofooddrink. com/34. php http//www. dietspotlight. com/burn-energy-drink-review/ http//www. redbull. com/cs/Satellite/en_INT/Products/Red-Bull-Energy-Drink-021242751115866?p=1242745950125/product-FAQ 9 Appendices Appendix.1 Questionnaire Dear respondents, we make this survey in order to obtain more all-round(prenominal) knowledge about the energy drink sector in Denmark, particularly the two big brands Burn and RedBull. So we would highly appreciate if you spend a few minutes answering our questionnaire. Your information will be treated anonymously 1. How interested are you in energy drinks? oVery interested oInterested oNot very interested oNot intererested at all 2. How often do you drink energy drinks? oAlmost never oFrom 1 2 cans per week.oFrom 2-5 cans per week oMore than 5 cans per week 3. ON WHAT OCCASIONS DO YOU DRINK ENERGY DRINKS? oWhen Im tired oWhen Im thirsty oWhen I go to sports oWhen I mix with alcohol oOther (please specify in the box below) 4. Where do you often buy energy drinks? oIn the super markets oIn the bars oIn Seven Eleven oIn small shops (eg gas station, kiosk etc) oOther (please specify in the box) 5. How much would you like to pay for an energy drink? o10 15 Kr o16 20 Kr o21 25 Kr oMore than 25 Kr 6. How important are the following factors when you buy energy drinks?Very important Important Not so important not important at all Good flavor Good taste Good brand Reasonable price Convenient to buy Nice packaging The effectiveness of the drinks 7. Which of these brands do you know? oBurn oRed Bull oNone of them 8. Which one of these brands do you prefer? oBurn oRed Bull oNo ne of them 9. How do you evaluate RED slob in the following factors? Very goodGoodNot good-not badBad Very bad Brand Taste skag Price Convenient to buy Packaging authorisation 10. Do you have any recommendations for RED BULL to better meet your satisfaction?oI dont know oIm already very satisfied oI would recommend as follows 11. How do you evaluate BURN in the following factors? Very good Good Not good-not bad Bad Very bad Brand Taste Flavor Price Convenient to buy Packaging Effectiveness 12. Do you have any recommendations for BURN to better meet your satisfaction? oI dont know oIm already very satisfied oI would recommend as follows 13. What is your age? oYounger than 18 years old oFrom 18 25 years old oFrom 26 35 years old 14. What is your gender? oMale oFemale 15. Which part of Denmark do you live in?oCenter of Copenhagen oSj? lland oFyn oJylland Appendix 2 Interview guide for focus group What criteria do people choose when they buy energy drink products? Are different fla vors important? What occasion do they drink energy drink? Eg when theyre tired, or mix with strong alcohol, etc. What product name(s) do they like? Why? Do they know Burn/Red Bull? Where do they buy? Do they like Burn/Red Bull products? How much should a can of energy drink cost? Appendix 3 Fokus gruppe give way 2. Semester klasse Niels Brock Lien, Niraj, Silas og Michelle Market researchAlle kender begge 11 deltager 8 ud af 11 kan lide red bull Dog viste det at 6 ud af 11 faktisk kun valgte Red Bull efter blinde smagning Smagen er bedre, burn er for sodt. (inden smagning af begge m? rker) Hvor mange energidrinks drikker du per uge? 1 drikker 4-5 cans a week 4 3-4 cans 4 1-2 cans 2 mindre end 1 Hvornar drikker du energidrinks? Sprut, tr? ning, Det er meget i forhold til det at man drikker alkohol. Enighed blandt minimal 8 af deltagerne Dog drikker mange det ogsa hvis de er tr? tte eller skal til tr? ning efter en lang dag i skole.Kaffe frem for energi drink hvis man kan lide det hvis man er tr? t og skal videre, dette mener 6 ud af 11 af deltagerne hvor de andre ikke kan lide kaffe eller mener at en energi drik er bedre Hvor meget vil du betale for en energidrink? Ikke clean end 20kr, mellem15-17kr ca er de fleste villige til at betale Men ville kobe den billigste hvis de stod mod hinanden pa hylden i super marked. Energien er mere vigtig end smagen. Irriterende reklamer for meget nogenhed provokerende reklamer mener 2 af deltagerne, Red Bull promoverer ikke sadan (I Dk hvert fald).