Disneyfication of Confucianism as Prersented in Mulan

Disneyfiying Confucious’ Filial Piety as seen in Disney’s Mulan (1998) Filial Piety in the Ballad of Mulan compared to Disney’s version The legend of Mulan, the Chinese woman warrior, was first presented in an annonomous poem called â€Å"the Ballad of Mulan† which dated back the 6th sentury Tang Dynansty. The poem was written in five segments; each one represents Mulan’s origin, experience in the battlefield, and also sense of obedience to her family. The legend lives on as it is passed from one generation to other generation through diverse versions such as storytelling, poem, and movies. Ultimately, the ballad takes on a new form when it was adapted into a 1998 Disney animated feature. This is the first time Disney has drawn on an Asian†¦show more content†¦We need to understand that the filial piety presented in the movie with the one in the original legend is different, because in the movie Disney portrayed back the filial piety based on American people’s understanding and stereotypes on Confucianism. In this way Mulan described as a free individual who does not want to be bounded by the strict rules of Confucianism. Although, most of the time Mulan expresses her refusal to Confucianism, she still represents the value of filial piety to her father by disguising herself as a man warrior and taking her father’s duty in a war. In this sense, Disney tried to show Mulan’s dutiful character by bringing out Mulan’s â€Å"manly† and rebellious personality. However, in order to strengthen Mulan’s head-strong personality, Disney deliberately lessened the value of obedience and replaced it with Mulan’s pursuit of identity. In this sense, Mulan is described as being confused of her real identity. She is given two difficult choices between fulfilling her role as a potential wife or listening to her own calling (She wants to find her own love without the interference of other people, including her parents). Moreover, the Ballad never explicitly tell the relationship between Mulan and her parents; but everyone can assume that Mulan does not have â€Å"a close relationship† with her parents unlike the one depicted in the Disney’s version. Because in filial

My Transition from Childhood to Adulthood - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 649 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Sociology Essay Level High school Tags: Childhood Essay Did you like this example? There are some critical moments in life that cause a person to really change and have a different perspective on life. It causes them to understand how significant a thing is that they take for granted, simply because they do not see the importance of it until it almost slips past their grip and they can only see life pass them by like flashes or moments that they wish could end or have taken a different, less tragic, course. I can still visualize those moments like they were yesterday and remember every detail, no matter the insignificance. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "My Transition from Childhood to Adulthood" essay for you Create order I remember how I used to think that grades and doing good in school were the most important things in the world. Last summer has completely changed my perspective of what I hold to be most dear in life. It has changed how I view, and will view, every single person in it. My father had a life-threatening experience that changed everyone in my family for what I believe to be the better. It is that specific event that marked my transition from childhood to adulthood. I distinctly remember my father coming home one day saying that he felt different, like he had a hard time breathing. He had never had any major problem before then, so it seemed odd that he felt that way. He was taken to the emergency room and hospitalized a couple of days later. I had slightly mixed feeling of being sad and scared but did not give much thought to them because I thought everything would go back to normal. Little did I know that it would change my life. A couple of day after that, I got a call from my mom saying that my dad was in critical condition and on a ventilator (A machine that breathes for you). That is when I got a glimpse of the full capacity of the situation. It was one of the most devastating things seeing my dad helpless and fighting for his life. It completely shattered me and it felt like part of my life was slowly slipping away, and I could do absolutely nothing to stop it. I know me and my siblings had to be strong because my mother felt the pain of it the most and we had to calm her down and try to make her feel like everything will be alright. I know that I could not slack off and be careless anymore because it literally felt like that was my only chance to grow up and it is now or never. I took whatever responsibilities I could because I know that the world would not stop, even if it felt like mine did. I did all of the chores and errands that I was capable of doing, anything that would take the load off of the others. No matter what I did, I could only see the image of my father lying on the bed. I felt frustrated with many mixed emotions and tried to channel them into doing anything that would have a positive outcome. He is alive and doing better as the days go by, but those moments in the summer will be with me and change my life forever. I am happy, simply knowing that he is still with us; but I have to grow up and continue taking responsibility, knowing that anything can still happen and I have to be prepared for it. I used to think that grades were the most important thing in the world, until this incident occurred, which opened my eyes to the real truth and dangers of the world. A person should never take anything for granted and I learned that the hard way. Although grades still hold a degree of great importance to me, I now understand the real problems and that is what caused my transition from childhood to adulthood.

Nike Erp - 1185 Words

Nike Case Study Nike roots trace themselves back to the 1950s with University of Oregon field coach Bill Bowerman. Bowerman was always trying to find a competitive advantage for his track runners and had the idea of a lighter show. He would late team up with recent graduate Phil Knight and create the first Nike shoe, â€Å"the Swoosh†, which debuted in 1972. Through the years, Nike would continue to create innovative sports apparel, expand into new markets, and challenge the way people look at athletics. Forty years later Nike continues â€Å"to seek new and innovative ways to develop superior athletic products, and creative methods to communicate directly with customers† (nikeinc, 2012). Nike is one of the leading distributor and manufacturer of†¦show more content†¦They also built bridges within the software to enable data sharing. Nike switched its short and medium ranged sneaker planning to the SAP ERP system, which used a more predictive algorithms for estimating demand (Koch, 2004). Finding a new found respect towards the SCM system, Nike focused heavily on training it’s employees. Employees received 140-180 hours of training to understand how the system works (Koch, 2004). Nike implemented a phased geographical approach when implementing its new SCM, CRM, and ERP systems. Though envisioned as a 2-3 year implementation, it took Nike 6 years, and an upwards of 500 million dollars to properly implement the supply chain management system (Koch, 2004). Since Nike implemented an ERP, CRM, and SCM system all at once, they experienced a multitude of benefits. Benefits linked to the i2 management system were that they now had better collaboration with their Far East factories. This would reduce the amount of â€Å"pre-building† time required per shoe from 30 percent to roughly 3 percent (Koch, 2004). The amount of time from initiating and completion of the shoe was reduced from nine to six months allowing faster product-to-market cycle time. Inventory levels were reduced from cutting interval time from one month to one week (Koch, 2004). The system also allowed better demand forecasting, and demand visibility. A reduced risk of experience a bullwhip effect. Lastly major cost reduction through reduced inventory,Show MoreRelatedNike Erp2332 Words   |  10 PagesCase Study: Nike ERP Implementation Nike shoe division grew and spread rapidly around the globe from its inception in 1972 through 1998. Yet in 1999, Nike realized that in order to keep up with the growing demands of their products, and specifically their Air Jordan line of basketball shoes, they would have to make changes in the way they forecasted and projected demands and distributed their products. Eventually it was decided that these changes would take place in the form of the implementationRead MoreNike ERP Implementation Essay2298 Words   |  10 Pagesfactors for the first NIKE-i2 ERP-SCM implementation? All ERP implementations have risks associated that can lead to failure situations. The complexity of ERP systems together with demanding business environment, represent big challenges for companies when implementing an ERP. In the case of Nike, the situation is even more challenging because of the worldwide ERP deployment, and the large and complex scope of the project. Inevitably, and like all ERP implementations, Nike-i2’s project faced complicationsRead MoreNike Erp Supply Demand Study1217 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 2014 Implementation Paper - Nike ERP Supply-Demand Study Summary In 2001 Nike Inc., the world’s top athletic shoemaker, implemented new ERP software intended to assist the company with their new supply chain strategy that was intended to resolve supply-demand issue the company was dealing with. The software selected was produced i2 Technologies, a Texas based major supply-chain software vendor at cost of over US $40 million dollars (400 million for larger ERP system, which includes all costs)Read MoreScm And Erp Software Implementation At Nike2828 Words   |  12 Pages SCM and ERP Software Implementation at Nike: From Failure to Success 　　Name: Praveen kumar reddy pandem 　　Rule no:10000126104 　　 Table of contents Abstract Introduction Nike background Nike supply chain Nike supply chain project An ERP solution gone bad Playing blame game what went wrong Nike rebound Lessons learned Conclusion References Abstract: The case provides a complete account of the failingRead MoreScm And Erp Software Implementation At Nike3064 Words   |  13 Pages　　Term paper SCM and ERP Software Implementation at Nike: From Failure to Success by Praveen Kumar Reddy Pandem 　　10000126104 　　 CMP 570 　　 Table of contents Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Nike background 3 Nike supply chain 3 Nike supply chain project 4 An ERP solution gone bad 5 PlayingRead MoreScm and Erp Software Implementation at Nike – from Failure to Success2018 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: Nike was founded under the name Blue Ribbon Sports in 1964. In 1972 the first pair of sports shoes was sold and experienced enormous growth and achieved a 50% market share within the sports shoe market in the US only eight years later. After sluggish focus and growth in the 1980ies, Nike experienced strong growth in the 1990ies and cemented the position as global recognizable brand. The increased international focus created strains on the supply chain, which was consider inadequateRead MoreErp Application For Erp Software Package Roll Outs2155 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract ERP application is the most common means for corporations of all measurements to face their particular day-to-day businesses. When ERP application should go appropriate, it can save a business hundreds of thousands on account of greater output, greater supply in addition to increased purchaser following. ERP application automates the task regarding syncing multiple features, such as gross sales, producing, customer relationship management in addition to sales, to produce a a single itemRead MoreNke I2 Erp3187 Words   |  13 PagesNike I2 ERP Implementation Failure Case Study February 9, 2014 Shafer Minnick Morgan Correll Jeff Harvey Nike stands as the World’s leading producer of Athletic Footwear, Apparel and Equipment. As of 2013 they held complete ownership or joint venture in the following companies: ïÆ' ¼ Nike Brand ïÆ' ¼ Cole Haan ïÆ' ¼ Converse ïÆ' ¼ Hurley International ïÆ' ¼ Umbro Athletic Wear ïÆ' ¼ Nike Golf ïÆ' ¼ Jordan Brand This is a rather long and somewhat surprising list to many, based on some of these brands areRead MoreThe Supply Sequence Management ( Scm ) Along With Erp Software Implementation1653 Words   |  7 Pagesalong with Demand Setting up software setup at Nike, a respected Footwear along with Apparel company. The case traces the history of supply chain along with ERP software implementation in Nike along with presents the explanation behind his or her implementation. It particulars the conditions that led to the SCM software implementation failure and as well examines the actual steps consumed by Nike to system. Finally, the case explores precisely how Nike was able to use the training from the actual failureRead MoreProject Risk Management At Ernst And Young Next Summer963 Words   |  4 Pagesa much broader way to examine a project or portfolio. Problem 2 I analyzed Nike’s successful implementation of its ERP system and found this information CIO.com. This article captivated me because I purchase numerous Nike products and view them as a successful company. It also described their failure in ERP implementation when they used an i2 system for demand planning. Although Nike consistently produces positive earnings and possesses almost double the market share of its nearest competitor (Adidas)

Multiple Sclerosis A Nervous System Disease That Affects...

What Everyone Should Know About Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is considered a nervous system disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. The disease remains a mystery to this day since there are no known specific causes. It can be seen that multiple sclerosis is more prevalent in women than in men between the ages of 20-40 (Bethesda 2015). While the disease is typically mild in most cases, some severe cases may result in the loss in the ability to speak, walk, and write. Common symptoms of the disease include â€Å"visual disturbances, muscle weakness, trouble with coordination and balance, sensations with numbness and prickling, and thinking and memory problems† (Bethesda 2015). It is important to become more aware and informed on the basics of multiple sclerosis so that in the case if you or someone you know may be experiencing symptoms, an early diagnosis can be made and treatment can start as soon as possible. The central nervous system is compromised of the br ain and spinal cord and is known as the control and integrating center of the nervous system. To understand how multiple sclerosis affects the body, it is vital to comprehend the normal physiology of the central nervous system. Nerve cells or neurons are the structural units of the nervous system. Neurons transmit messages as nerve impulses from one part of the body to another. These neurons contain processes which are called dendrites and axons. The axon is the â€Å"conducting region† of a neuron since aShow MoreRelatedSymptoms Of Multiple Sclerosis And Bell s Palsy1347 Words   |  6 Pages Neurological Abnormalities Jessica Schultz Brigham Young University – Idaho â€Æ' Neurological Abnormalities Bell’s Palsy Bell’s palsy is a condition that affects the muscles of the face. The muscles become weak and slow for an impermanent period of time. This disorder occurs when the nerve that controls the facial muscles, cranial nerve VII, becomes inflamed or swollen. The cause of the damaged is not officially known, but researchers believe that is could be the result of a viral infectionRead MoreOrgan Lateral Sclerosis : A Disease That Affects The Nervous System1578 Words   |  7 PagesAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a disease that affects the Nervous system as well as the Muscular System as well, this disease is defined as a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects the nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. A-myo-trophic is a Greek term when translated it means â€Å"No muscle Nourishment†. This lack of nourishment causes a reaction within the muscles leading to their eventual break down, otherwise known as â€Å"atrophies† which is a simple term meaning tha t the muscleRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis835 Words   |  4 PagesMarkel Franklin Professor Idziak Speech 1311 March 27, 2012 Multiple Sclerosis Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about multiple sclerosis by exploring various facts of the disease including what causes it, types of the disease and how it is treated. General Purpose: To make people aware of the autoimmune disease. Introduction I. Greeting- Good afternoon Ladies and Gentlemen. It is always a pleasure to stand before such an enthusiastic crowd and to talkRead MoreThe Mechanics Of Multiple Sclerosis Essay1689 Words   |  7 Pagesexpressions of Multiple Sclerosis. These neurological symptoms were first identified in the early 14th and 15th centuries. The immune system attacks the myelin of the brain spinal cord causing a cessation or misinterpretation of communication with the rest of the body. Due to this destruction or damage to the myelin, scar tissue forms and there central nervous system cannot communicate with the body effectively. This is the mechanics of Multiple Sclerosis, a disease that affects many peopleRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis Is The Most Common Neurological Disorder1495 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the Multiple Sclerosis Association of America, multiple sclerosis is the most common neurological disorder diagnosed in young adults (Gale). Multiple sclerosis could and can be a dangerous disease, it attacks the central nervous system by breaking down the myelin protective coating around the brain and spinal cord, thus affecting nerve impulses to be slowed down. Multiple sclerosis is also known as disseminated sclerosis (Gale). â€Å"Multiple† because it affects many areas in the brain and scleroidsRead MoreA Critical Analysis Of Multiple Sclerosis Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis of Multiple Sclerosis Janae Tanner Baltimore City Community College Dr. Emmanuel Okereke BIO 202-1758-ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I November 1, 2016 Abstract Multiple Sclerosis, commonly known as MS is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Scientists have been studying MS since the 19th century. In MS, the body’s immune system produces cells and antibodies that attack myelin in your brain which is essential for the nerves in your brain and spinal cord to conduct electricityRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis And Its Effects On The Central Nervous System Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pageshe life of someone living with Multiple Sclerosis is often quite different than normal. It consists of never-ending doctors appointments, not feeling well, difficulty doing everyday tasks, and much more. Multiple Sclerosis is the bee sting that one gets while laying out by the pool, the scrape a child gets on his knee, and the throbbing headache the mother has after a long day at work and the horrible cry of her child. The disease is heavy weighing on ones mind, body, and heart; yet, if one possessesRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis (Ms) Is A Diseas e That Impacts The Brain,1040 Words   |  5 Pages Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease that impacts the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves, which is together known as the Central Nervous System (CNS). It is perhaps one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting about 1 per 1,000 of the population (Beaumont, 2008). Multiple Sclerosis means â€Å"Multiple Scars† due to the many scars (lesions) that are located in the CNS. This disease involves two main systems in the body, the Central Nervous System and the Immune System. The Central NervousRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis : An Autoimmune Disease978 Words   |  4 PagesIf you know anyone with Multiple Sclerosis or MS, you would know how terrible the disease is. Multiple Sclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which your immune system attacks the nerve cell covers in the brain and spine are damaged. The nerves in the body eventually deteriorate and it is fatal. According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Socie ty, the cause of Multiple sclerosis is still unknown. There is not a cure at the moment for Multiple Sclerosis, but there are treatments that can speedRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis ( Ms ), Autoimmune, Inflammatory Disease Involving The Central Nervous System ( Cns ) Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Mirzatoni March 8, 2016 Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis (MS) is autoimmune, inflammatory disease involving the central nervous system (CNS). This disease is a result of the immune system attacking myelin proteins. Usually affecting younger people between the ages of 20 and 50 years, multiple sclerosis slowly destroys the myelin sheath that are located in the CNS causing them to eventually create scleroses, or hardened lesions. Symptoms of multiple sclerosis can be different, but visual

The Social Contract Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau - 1377 Words

The Social Contract The three philosophers, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were three key thinkers of political philosophy. The three men helped develop the social contract theory into what it is in this modern day and age. The social contract theory was the creation of Hobbes who created the idea of a social contract theory, which Locke and Rousseau built upon. Their ideas of the social contract were often influenced by the era in which they lived and social issues that were present during their lives. Although all men sit in different positions on the theoretical political spectrum, which is derived from their work on the Social Contract Theory, they carry both similar and differential ideas (it can be argued†¦show more content†¦13 s. 9) Also Hobbes declares â€Å"†¦ that the nature of man, we find three principle causes of quarrel.Show MoreRelatedJohn Locke: Founding Father of Modern Era Liberalism1444 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke are all great thinkers who were greatly influential in forming philosophies that would affect the future of politics. By analyzing each philosopher’s ideology, we can identify which thinker’s theory reflected modern era liberalism the most. For this paper I will be arguing that, John Locke provides a more compelling framework of modern era liberalism because of his perception of the state of nature, the social contract and the function of governmentRead MoreHuman Nature Establishes Political Authority982 Words   |  4 Pagespolitical authority. Hobbes believes that because the state of nature is a constant state of war, the role of government must be to protect the people to protect people from themselves. Therefore, the purpose of political a uthority is to enforce law and order, and that the purpose of government is to control and be authoritative and should not be responsible for representing the people. Hobbes believes that you must give up your natural rights for peace. In the social contract man give up their rightsRead MoreThe Social Contract Of The Middle East Essay1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe social contracts of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau constructed a basis upon which governments have expressed their validity and purpose. This can be observed most prominently in the Western world, due to the development of these social contracts alongside that of governments of Western nations. But the abstract roots of these theories on the foundation of government are applicable to all peoples. The Middle East is of particular interest due to the recent outcries and protests against governmentsRead MoreRousseau, Locke, and Hobbes Essay1200 Words   |  5 Pagesgrounds of equality, justice, and freedom. Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were all members of The Enlightenment movement, and each had their own idea on how human society should be structured and run. Locke and Hobbes lived around the same time, and some of their political theories were the same, however, by the time Rousseau came along, much had changed. Born in Geneva to a middle class watch maker, Jean-Jacques Rousseau was to become one of the most influential thinkersRead MoreModern Liberalism and Political Policies1337 Words   |  6 PagesModern Liberalism Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau’s political philosophies and theories each differ from one another’s, but these three philosophers have all staked their claims as to what man would be like, prior to the formation of the state. This is the State of Nature. Their notions on the social contract reflect their position on the political spectrum. These three philosophers also examine the purpose and function of the government to individuals of the state. Modern liberalismRead MoreHobbes, Locke and Rousseau on Classic Liberalism1091 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent view point of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau on the most basic tenets of classical liberalism. For example the states of nature, the social contracts, and the sets of view of the rights and obligations of citizens and states. My first topic that I will be discussing is the different views of social contracts. It will go in order from Hobbes to Locke then to Rousseau. As I was pointing out in the intro I will be starting off with Hobbes perspective of social contract. Hobbes believes in a â€Å"civilRead MoreThomas Hobbes And The State Of Nature1727 Words   |  7 Pagesis important in determining political societies, or the governmental structures that composed these. However, many philosophers have different notions of the State of Nature. In this essay I am going to use the writings of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacque Rousseau to explain how their notions of the State of Nature shape the way they envision political society. These philosophers have different notions of the State of Nature but they all agree that the State of Nature is the reason for whyRead MoreThe Social Contract Theory Since The United States1449 Words   |  6 PagesFor this discussion, I am keen to discuss the Social Contract theory since I see this fundamental theory still directly affects today s politics in the United States as well as around the world. Contemporary study of neoliberalism and neo-conservatism as in the analysis of Wendy Brown (2006) or of political deliberation and deliberative democracy in the writing of Simone Chambers (2009) is a dynamic consequences of that basic concepts of democracy from the past. During its development, democracyRead MoreThe State Of Nature : Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, And Jean Jacques Rousseau902 Words   |  4 Pages　 The state of nature is the state were humans existed before government was ever created. There once was a period were there were not any rules, or laws to obey. In a state of nature there are no social goods. No farming, housing, technology, or education. With a state of nature there must be guaranteed that no one will harm one another, and people must rely on other s to keep their word, and not go back on what they say. Living in a state of nature was no way to live honestly. A state of natureRead MoreRousseau ´s Solution to  ¨The Fundamental Problem ¨1178 Words   |  5 PagesThe problem is to find a form of association †¦ in which each, while uniting himself with all, may still obey himself alone, and remain as free as before.’ Does Rousseau have a convincing solution to the problem he poses? The opening line of Jean-Jacques Rousseaus influential work The Social Contract (1762), is man is born free, and he is everywhere in chains. Those who think themselves masters of others are indeed greater slaves than they. These are not physical chains, but psychological

Management of Telstra Free-Samples for Students Myassignmenthelp

Questions: 1.Define, describe and discuss academic theory/concepts on the Purpose of an Organisation. Identify the purposes of your chosen Organisation. 2.Define and describe academic theory/concepts on an Organisations general environment. 3.Define and describe academic theory/concepts on Organisational Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Ethics. 4.Define and describe academic theory/concepts on Organisational culture. Answers: Introduction The business reports form an integral part of the management of an organization. In order to assess as well as track the company, and its progress, it is highly important that a company maintains its business reports. The business report of a company enlightens each of its stakeholders about the current business scenario, revenue generating capacity as well as the future sustainability prospects of the company. The present business report intends to offer a critical analysis and evaluation of the market scenario of Telstra, the largest telecommunication and Media Company of Australia. Telstra Corporation Limited also referred to as Telstra, since its inception in the year of 1975, has been achieving unprecedented recognition and success. The range of services offered by the company includes a variety of entertainment products and services, such as telecommunication networks, internet access, pay television service, mobile service and markets voice. However, despite its organizational success, the future sustainability of any company depends on a number of factors that can only ensure its long-term sustainability. Accordingly, the present business report intends to critically analyze the future sustainability of Telstra depends on the effectiveness of the organizational culture, suitability of the business environment, and the sustainable approach undertaken by the company. 1.The importance of strategic management while managing business activities in an organization cannot be overstated. It should be remembered that each organization has a mission statement and a vision statement. While the mission statement of an organization helps it determine its immediate objectives and goals and work towards the accomplishment of the same, the vision statement of the organization help it develop the desired future position (Rothaermel 2014). As far as the immediate Mission Statement of Telstra is concerned, the organization intends to build the technology and content solutions in the most innovative way so that the company can serve its consumers better, and hence knowing and comprehending the demands of the customers form an important aspect of their Mission Statement as well (Telstra.com.au, 2017). As far as the vision of the company is concerned, it is based on three strategic pillars. Telstra intends to drive value and growth right from the core and for ensuri ng long-term sustenance the company intends to offer exceptionally high quality customer experience to the consumers. Telstra is a profit oriented organization as it operates with the primary objective of making money. By providing high quality personalized service to each client, and by becoming more responsive to the consumer needs, Telstra has succeeded in generating a striking growth in its profit. However, in this connection, it is important to mention here that the company has recently witnessed a drop in its profit from $2.09 billion last year to $1.79 billion this year (Letts 2017). 2.The general environment of the company is related to the different types of features such as workforce diversity, technological dimension, employee, labour market, unions, strategic partners, sustainability, political environment, stakeholders, customers, suppliers, specific environment, etc. Global leadership and Organizational Behaviour Effectiveness is a program that effects in the cultural aspect of the program. The general environment of the organization is considered as the important aspect of it as it is related to the development of the organization. The specific environment of Telstra consists of the groups, organizations and they interact in the business that is responsible for building business operations. The stakeholders of the organization are also included in the external environment of Tesco are engaged in the workplace diversity of the organization (Chrobot-Mason Aramovich 2013). The element of diversity and inclusion is the main aspect of the different types of o perational branches. The external environment of workplace diversity among the other aspects of external environment has been considered. Workplace diversity is an aspect that is recognised as a most beneficial aspect that is not only deals with the employees but also it deals with the stakeholders of the organization. Both internal stakeholders and external stakeholders of the organization i.e. Telstra comes under the aspect of the theories and organizational policies of the company (Rice 2015). Diversity management of Telstra is a complex and globalized theory of the company that creates a good workplace culture within the organization. It can be said that the company has many workplace issues related to the employees of different branches of Australia. The issues are also with the suppliers and the customers of Telstra and different kinds of other shareholders of the company. The diversity management theory of Thomas and Page are to be implemented in this perspective in order to solve the aspect of workplace diversity management and issues with the company. As it is a multinational company, hence it can be said that, mostly the cross cultural issues with the customers, suppliers and the employees are occurring that is responsible for the lower quality service in the country (Bond and Haynes 2014). The theoretical framework of diversity management of Thomas incorporates the following practices such as: Management of the inevitable diversity of the ever changing workforce is recognized as a necessary skill in terms of leaders and managers. The goal of diversity management results into better business results. If diversity management is maintained properly, then it is responsible of allowing every personnel to contribute in the organizational goals. A successful diversity management system is not responsible for the impact of bad image of one group into the other groups of the organization (Wambui et al. 2013). It is seen that the multinational organizations like Avon, Procter Gamble, Xerox, Digital Equipment Corporation, Corning, etc. are responsible for using the theory of diversity management in their organizational context. The theory of Thomas in diversity management is based on few tenets such as relationship with the increasing diversity in order to improve the business outcomes of the company. Telstra can implement the theoretical frameworks while managing the issues of the organization both in its headquarters and in other subsidiary offices of the country. Another theoretical concept of diversity management of Page is a concern for the different types of workplace issues related to inclusion and diversity. The principles of the theory and management of the diversity stated by Page is described below. In a problem solving group consists of people from mixed cultures, there is an increased problem complexity that is essential for the diversity in the group (Alvesson and Sveningsson 2015). Inclusion and diversity includes heuristics, diverse perspectives, models and categories that is not limited in the perspective of superficial characteristics. It can be said that a logical approach in terms of different types of practices of diversity management in the organization. Diversity and inclusion usually trumps ability (Barak 2016). The problem solving groups of organizations are known for the outstanding performance when they are following the practices of the diversity management theory of Page. It can be said that the theoretical frameworks of Pages theory of diversity management is considered as a set of processes of diversity management that is responsible for evaluating the efficiency and the different effects of inclusion and diversity within the organizational perspectives. 3.While profit maximization is the ulterior goal of any business organization, in order to ensure long-term sustenance an organization must conduct in the most responsible way. In case the employer metes out unethical treatment to his employees, the employees might feel de-motivated and leave the company. In case, the organization is focused more on making instant money, overlooking the satisfaction of the consumers, it is very likely that the consumers will switch to its rival company. Herein lays the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility. First of all, in order to create a culture of social responsibility within the organization, the managers will have to assume the role of ethical leaders, formulating effective ethical codes of conduct within the organization, guiding and shaping the attitude of the employees, and encouraging them to behave in a responsible way. While speaking of CSR and the role of ethical leadership in it, it is important to mention here that an organization can conduct its business in a responsible and ethical way, in two broad ways: By ensuring the well-being and overall sustainability of the community one is conducting business in By adopting an ethical approach while dealing with the staffs and consumers As far as Telstra is concerned, the company has already created its own Telstra Group Code of Conduct and Policy Framework that defines the standards of behavior that should guide and determine the managerial decisions taken by the company. Needless to state that the companys CSR initiatives have been recently acknowledged as the company has bagged the 2015 Ethical Boardroom Best Corporate Governance Award for the Telecoms market. However, recently the company has started outsourcing its customer care service, resulting in the loss of 326 customer care jobs (Verbos et al. 2007). The managerial decision to cut down the operational cost by terminating the employees came as a shock to the employees, and this resulted in the loss of talented workforce as well. Since the company has been too focused on generating huge profits at the expense of its consumer satisfaction and employee security, the company has ended up leaving many employees de-motivated. It is needless to state that such ra ndom dismissal of experienced employees does affect the brand reputation of the company, negatively affect the consumer experience and leads to low rates of employee productivity. It is completely understandable that at times, the managers encounter ethical dilemma and have to compromise with employee well-being for ensuring higher profitability. However, the company needs to conduct the ethical analysis of the situation rather than taking hasty decisions, especially when the decision concerns the well-being of stakeholders. It should be noted that apart from ensuring community sustainability, the organization needs to safeguard the well-being of its employees as well. The company, however, has a distinct Supplier Code of conduct that safeguards the human rights, health and overall well-being of the suppliers of Telstra. The consumers are the real assets of an organization, and hence it is highly important that the organization ensures integrity and transparency of facts, while deal ing with the consumers. Accordingly, considering the extent to which the electromagnetic energy can be detrimental to the consumers, Telstra offers relevant and up-to date information to its consumers regarding the use of mobile phones and the ways of ensuring mobile safety (Carroll and Shabana 2010). involved in working for the community affected with disasters. For example, in the recent Indian Ocean Tsunami, Telstra with the help of its responsible employees had donated a sum of $1,561,280.27 (Davidson et al. 2014). Again, the company is also known for arranging mental health campaigns, celebrating National Skin Cancer Action Week, as well as Womens Day and International Disability Day for encouraging a diverse workforce. It is important to mention here that Telstra does adopt a sustainable approach while dealing with the community it conducts trade in (Ferguson et al. 2016). The company is dedicated to conserve as well as protect the Banksia attenuata woodlands, classified as a threatened ecological community, and further the organization does work in collaboration with Perths Newman College students for rehabilitating an old access road into the International Telecommunications site (Clarke 2014). 4.Organizational culture is a perspective that is present within every organization for completing the business activities of the company. It can be said that it is the lifeline of the company in order to sustain the company in the competitive business world. The companys organization culture is responsible for meeting the organizational goals of the employees associated with it. It is evident that the companies having a strong organizational culture within the company are found to yield more productivity not only in terms of market but in case of the employees perspectives. In this situation, the organization culture of Telstra will be described that will focus on various operational activities of the company (Hogan and Coote 2014). The organizational culture of Telstra is represented by the collective beliefs, values and the working principles of the employees, etc. It is depended by many factors such as technology, product, market, management style, systems, norms, language, belie fs, habits, national culture, etc. However, it can be said that the aspect of organization culture of Telstra is the resulting factor of the production rate of the employees in the company. It is a proven fact that companies having cross-culture practices within the organizational context are having better relation with the employees as well as the customers. They will have a better understanding of the market (Nica 2013). By doing an interaction with the employees and other external stakeholders of Telstra it can be said that the organizational culture of Telstra is not strong in many aspects. The employees of different operational branches do not cooperate properly with the international clients properly that is the result of the weaker performance of the groups. However, the theory of Scheins organizational culture will be useful in the perspective of the organizational cultural issues of Telstra in the customer interaction. Schein model of organizational culture is divided into three groups such as artifacts, basic underlying assumptions and espoused values. Artifacts are the visible elements of the company that can be heard and felt. They are offices, facilities, recognitions, visible awards, furnishings, etc. Espoused values are the organizational goals and the values that the companies are practicing while establishing the organizational goals as well as team production (Glisson 2015). The basic underlying assumptions of the company are the normal assumptions that the strategic management department of the company assumed that it may create a problem in the future perspectives. The strategies of conserving the organizational culture of Telstra are formulated in a way so that it can be maintained from the core business levels. Conclusion It can be concluded that the Telstra Corporation is the leading provider of information and telecommunication services to the small businesses, consumers, government organizations and large enterprises. The company has a strong brand value and position in the telecom market of Australia. It is a competitive advantage to the telecom market of the country in terms of external environment, corporate social responsibility, strong market position, bundled service offerings, etc. The intense competition of the market is the reason of the development of the company in terms of solving the problem. The investment of the company in terms of the various types of building networks leadership. The company continues in developing into the strategic growth plan in terms of the Asia Pacific region of the world. Telstra has issues in the significant aspects of organizational culture and diversity that are solved in using theoretical frameworks. References Alvesson, M. and Sveningsson, S., 2015.Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Barak, M.E.M., 2016.Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage Publications. Bond, M.A. and Haynes, M.C., 2014. Workplace diversity: A socialecological framework and policy implications.Social Issues and Policy Review,8(1), pp.167-201. Carroll, A. and Shabana, K., 2010.The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Concepts, Research and Practiceijmr_275 85. [online] Available at: https://finance.uw.edu/sites/default/files/Business%20Case%20for%20CSR%20Review%20of%20Concepts,%20Research%20and%20Practice.pdf [Accessed 3 May 2017]. Chrobot-Mason, D., Aramovich, N. P., 2013. The psychological benefits of creating an affirming climate for workplace diversity.Group Organization Management,38(6), 659-689. Clarke, T., 2014. CSR provides the moral compass that will empower good corporate governance. Davidson, F., Wreford, J., Pervan, G. and Penter, K., 2014, March. Capturing CSR: Doing Good Offshore. InInternational Workshop on Global Sourcing of Information Technology and Business Processes(pp. 98-113). Springer International Publishing. Ferguson, J., Sales de Aguiar, T.R. and Fearfull, A., 2016. Corporate response to climate change: language, power and symbolic construction.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,29(2), pp.278-304. Glisson, C., 2015. The role of organizational culture and climate in innovation and effectiveness.Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership Governance,39(4), pp.245-250. Hogan, S.J. and Coote, L.V., 2014. Organizational culture, innovation, and performance: A test of Schein's model.Journal of Business Research,67(8), pp.1609-1621. Letts, S. (2017). Shock drop pulls Telstra profit down to $1.8b, shares slump. [online] ABC News. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-16/telstra-profit-drops-14pc/8275594 [Accessed 3 May 2017]. Nica, E., 2013. Organizational culture in the public sector.Economics, Management, and Financial Markets,8(2), pp.179-184. Rice, M.F., 2015.Diversity and public administration. ME Sharpe. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Telstra.com.au., 2017.Telstra - Future - Our company. [online] Available at: https://www.telstra.com.au/aboutus/our-company/future [Accessed 3 May 2017]. Verbos, A.K., Gerard, J.A., Forshey, P.R., Harding, C.S. and Miller, J.S., 2007. The positive ethical organization: Enacting a living code of ethics and ethical organizational identity.Journal of Business Ethics,76(1), pp.17-33. Wambui, T.W., Wangombe, J.G., Muthura, M.W., Kamau, A.W. and Jackson, S.M., 2013. Managing Workplace Diversity: A Kenyan Pespective.International Journal of Business and Social Science,4(16).

Leadership Theory Human Life

Question: Discuss about theLeadership Theoryfor Human Life. Answer: Introduction: Leadership theory is closely associated with psychological theory. Leadership and followership both are related with security and prosperity of the human life. According to the nature all the living being prefer to follow the path of certitude from the uncertainty of the every days life. Evolutionary theory of the leadership is closely connected with that behavioural trait of human personality. This theory first introduced by contemporary psychologist Mark van Vugt. He attempted to investigate the reason behind the behaviour of leadership and followership. In his written article Leadership, Followership, and Evolution Some Lessons from the Past Vugt describe the whole issue with two other fellow writer Robert Hogan Robert B. Kaiser he describe the approach has been adopted in the article is not the part of mainstream leadership theory. Uniqueness of the approach is indicator of innovative stand of the writer but the whole issue will remain equivocal if the reader can not relate the a pproach with the previous scholarly works on this subject domain (Van Vugt, Hogan and Kaiser,2008). Approach of Evolutionary Leadership: In his essay authors indicated towards the origin of leadership in the human society and social behaviour, in order to trace so they travelled the distance past of human species. From their perspective it can be said that leadership is an object driven behaviour of a conspicuous person from a certain group. Behind the objectiveness of a leader another character trait always larks that is farsightedness. Leader must foresee something which doesnt come within the range of others vision. Leader can behold the solution for others which other people cant. This trait of behaviour is echoing great man theory. This theory became popular in 19th century revered personage such as Thomas Carlyle also got influenced by it. According to this theory leader is a god gifted man who is committed to lead his follower (Avolio and Yammarino,. 2013). Despite acknowledging the character trait describe in this theory Thomas Carlyle also said that the theory doesnt indicate that the leader should be born gr eat. Some time the concept of Masaya may comes to the mind in this regard but leader is to a full fledged Masaya rather a mentor or a guide in reality. In the essay writers described that the leadership and followership is an adoptive behaviour. The question may get appear in this regard that is what may be the reason of this adaptation? Answer is also plausible that is demand of the situation. The authenticity of this observation can traceable in history. Before the commencement of the Second World War the suggestion and observation Sir Winston Churchill was highly disrespected and ignored by the Mr. Stanley Baldwin, British Prime minister of that period of time. Mr Churchill uttered an intimidation regarding the evil intention of Nazi Germany. In the time of war Neville Chamberlin had to resign and the responsibility of the nation got handed over to Mr. Winston Churchill. In the essay on the issue of evolutionary leadership the writers attempted to depict the cardinal source of th is adoptive behaviour is social coordination problem. In situational leadership theory the leader need to retune himself according to the level of his follower. This approach is also indicating towards a coordination problem and the whole approach of leadership is depending upon that (Waldman, et al 2006). Ambivalent Relationship: In this essay the writers pointed towards the malfeasance of leadership. The leader is the dominating personality within the group and he is authorising to excessive his power over his subordinates. That can be used for exploitation as well as suppression. That is the reason the relationship between the leader and the subordinate is always uncertain in nature. In the case of transformational leadership it can be witnessed leader is using his power and force to change the behaviour of a group domination and suppression both term can get added to defined his behaviour from a certain point of view but that cannot mitigate the effectiveness of that leader ( Zohar and Tenne-Gazit, 2008). Organizational Structure and Leadership: In this essay writers indicated the attention of the readers towards the close relationship between organization structure and leadership. Some time some structures may generate a formidable conundrum between leader and its subordinate. Here the writers are critical regarding the contemporary organizational structure. The reason is clear in this regard that is organizational psychology is a major influence over leader and its subordinates. The structure of the organization configures the psychology of those people working there. Supportive organizational structure indicates the structure that helps both way communication and offer additional support for the implementation of the decision taken by the leader. Communication is a cardinal issue here. Without having a proper communication with the leader the subordinate will not get any proper idea or direction of their movement. Communication only can configure and evaluate the optimum psychological mechanism of leadership and followers hip (Waldman, et al.,2006). Application of CALP Cognitive ancestral leader prototype or CALP indicates certain specific trait that gets observed to identify right person as leader in a specific situation. These attributes defined as prototype by the writers. According to the description provide by them a masculine, dominating, youthful person is needed as leader at the time of crisis. On the contrary more feminine personality with social skill is needed at the time of peace. In history we can witnessed a plausible manifestation of this reality. World has recognised Winston Churchill as a hero of Second World War. He leaded his country towards victory over axis power. But in the peace time British people couldnt trust his as a peace time leader rather they opted for Clement Atlee who was much more submissive personality in front of Churchill. The prototype is the preoccupied idea in people mind but it is not the unchangeable one in history we have seen Winston Churchill, Ronal Regan, Franklin Roosevelt, has been leaded the nation s uccessfully and gained huge popularity. Conclusion: The essay is a new approach to the leadership theory. The writers indicated a new direction in this regard. They took support of evolutionary psychology and human anthropology too. But some section of their finding sound over simplified comprehension of the actual reality. When a writer prefer to substantiate his claim he become bias but the inconsistency get immerged when the reality articulates some contradiction (Churchill, 2010) Reference: Van Vugt, M., Hogan, R. and Kaiser, R.B., 2008. Leadership, followership, and evolution: some lessons from the past. American Psychologist, 63(3), p.182. Avolio, B.J. and Yammarino, F.J. eds., 2013. Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. Emerald Group Publishing. Kaiser, R.B., Hogan, R. and Craig, S.B., 2008. Leadership and the fate of organizations. American Psychologist, 63(2), p.96. Liao, H. and Chuang, A., 2007. Transforming service employees and climate: a multilevel, multisource examination of transformational leadership in building long-term service relationships. Journal of applied psychology, 92(4), p.1006. Zohar, D. and Tenne-Gazit, O., 2008. Transformational leadership and group interaction as climate antecedents: a social network analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(4), p.744. Waldman, D.A., de Luque, M.S., Washburn, N., House, R.J., Adetoun, B., Barrasa, A., Bobina, M., Bodur, M., Chen, Y.J., Debbarma, S. and Dorfman, P., 2006. Cultural and leadership predictors of corporate social responsibility values of top management: A GLOBE study of 15 countries. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(6), pp.823-837. Churchill, W.S., 2010. The Gathering Storm: The Second World War (Vol. 1). RosettaBooks.